ATR Price Range Prediction V.2### ATR Price Range Prediction V.2
This script calculates the expected high and low prices for the current day based on the Average True Range (ATR) and displays the proportion of days where the daily range (high - low) is greater than or equal to the ATR. Additionally, the script provides an option to adjust the size of the text displayed in the top-right corner of the chart.
#### How It Works
1. **ATR Calculation**: The script calculates the ATR for a specified period (`atrPeriod`). ATR is a measure of volatility that represents the average range between the high and low prices over a specified number of periods.
2. **Expected High and Low Calculation**:
- **Expected High**: Calculated by adding the ATR value to the low price of the current day.
- **Expected Low**: Calculated by subtracting the ATR value from the high price of the current day.
3. **Proportion Calculation**: The script calculates the proportion of days where the daily range (high - low) is greater than or equal to the ATR value. This proportion is updated in real-time as new data comes in.
4. **Table Display**: Instead of displaying labels on each candle, the script shows the expected high, expected low, and the calculated proportion in a table located at the top-right corner of the chart. The size of the text in this table can be adjusted using the `Table Size` input.
5. **Color Coding**: The script changes the color of the bars to yellow if the daily range is greater than or equal to the ATR value, making it easy to identify these bars visually.
#### How to Use
- **ATR Period (`atrPeriod`)**: Adjust the period for the ATR calculation using the input parameter. The default value is 14.
- **Table Size (`tableSizeOption`)**: Choose the size of the text displayed in the table. Options include `tiny`, `small`, `normal`, `large`, and `huge`.
- **Expected High and Low**: Use the green and red lines to identify potential target prices or stop-loss levels for your trades. The green line represents the expected high, and the red line represents the expected low.
- **Proportion**: The table in the top-right corner of the chart shows the proportion of days where the daily range is greater than or equal to the ATR value. This can provide insight into the volatility of the asset.
- **Color Coding**: Yellow bars indicate days where the daily range is greater than or equal to the ATR value.
---
### ภาษาไทย
### ATR คาดการณ์ราคาสูงสุดและต่ำสุด พร้อมสัดส่วน
สคริปต์นี้คำนวณราคาสูงสุดและต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์สำหรับวันปัจจุบันโดยอิงจากค่าเฉลี่ยช่วงที่แท้จริง (ATR) และแสดงสัดส่วนของวันที่ช่วงราคาต่อวัน (สูง - ต่ำ) มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับค่า ATR นอกจากนี้ยังมีตัวเลือกในการปรับขนาดข้อความที่แสดงในกล่องข้อความมุมขวาบนของกราฟ
#### วิธีการทำงาน
1. **การคำนวณ ATR**: สคริปต์คำนวณค่า ATR สำหรับช่วงเวลาที่กำหนด (`atrPeriod`) ATR เป็นมาตรวัดความผันผวนที่แสดงช่วงเฉลี่ยระหว่างราคาสูงสุดและต่ำสุดในช่วงเวลาที่กำหนด
2. **การคำนวณราคาสูงสุดและต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์**:
- **ราคาสูงสุดที่คาดการณ์**: คำนวณโดยการบวกค่า ATR กับราคาต่ำสุดของวันปัจจุบัน
- **ราคาต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์**: คำนวณโดยการลบค่า ATR จากราคาสูงสุดของวันปัจจุบัน
3. **การคำนวณสัดส่วน**: สคริปต์คำนวณสัดส่วนของวันที่ช่วงราคาต่อวัน (สูง - ต่ำ) มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับค่า ATR สัดส่วนนี้จะอัปเดตแบบเรียลไทม์เมื่อมีข้อมูลใหม่เข้ามา
4. **การแสดงผลในตาราง**: แทนที่จะแสดงป้ายกำกับบนแท่งเทียนแต่ละแท่ง สคริปต์จะแสดงราคาสูงสุดที่คาดการณ์ ราคาต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์ และสัดส่วนที่คำนวณในตารางที่มุมขวาบนของกราฟ โดยสามารถปรับขนาดข้อความในตารางได้
5. **การใช้สี**: สคริปต์จะเปลี่ยนสีของแท่งเทียนเป็นสีเหลืองหากช่วงราคาต่อวันมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับค่า ATR ทำให้สามารถระบุแท่งเทียนเหล่านี้ได้ง่ายขึ้น
#### วิธีการใช้งาน
- **ATR Period (`atrPeriod`)**: ปรับช่วงเวลาสำหรับการคำนวณ ATR โดยใช้พารามิเตอร์การป้อนค่า ค่าเริ่มต้นคือ 14
- **Table Size (`tableSizeOption`)**: เลือกขนาดข้อความที่แสดงในตาราง ตัวเลือกได้แก่ `tiny`, `small`, `normal`, `large`, และ `huge`
- **ราคาสูงสุดและต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์**: ใช้เส้นสีเขียวและสีแดงเพื่อระบุราคาที่เป็นเป้าหมายหรือระดับการหยุดขาดทุนสำหรับการซื้อขายของคุณ เส้นสีเขียวแสดงถึงราคาสูงสุดที่คาดการณ์และเส้นสีแดงแสดงถึงราคาต่ำสุดที่คาดการณ์
- **สัดส่วน**: ตารางที่มุมขวาบนของกราฟแสดงสัดส่วนของวันที่ช่วงราคาต่อวันมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับค่า ATR ซึ่งสามารถให้ข้อมูลเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับความผันผวนของสินทรัพย์
- **การใช้สี**: แท่งเทียนสีเหลืองบ่งบอกถึงวันที่ช่วงราคาต่อวันมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับค่า ATR
_____
스크립트에서 "high low"에 대해 찾기
Futures Auto Levels [NariCapitalTrading]Futures Auto Levels Indicator
Introduction
The "Futures Auto Levels" (FAL) indicator shows the previous day's levels, weekly open, high, low, and the Initial Balance Range (IBR).
Indicator Components
The FAL indicator comprises the following components:
Previous Day's Levels: These include the open, high, low, and close of the previous trading day. They are represented on the chart by lines and labels, helping to identify significant price levels from the prior session.
Weekly Open, High, Low: These levels represent the open, high, and low prices of the current trading week.
Initial Balance Range (IBR): The IBR is calculated based on the price range during the first 60 minutes of the trading day. It helps identify initial trading range and potential breakout levels.
How to Use the Indicator
1. Previous Day's Levels:
Monitor the previous day's open, high, low, and close to identify key support and resistance levels.
Use these levels to gauge market sentiment and potential price reversals.
2. Weekly Open, High, Low:
Pay attention to the weekly open, high, and low to understand the market's behavior within the weekly timeframe.
These levels can act as reference points for setting profit targets and stop-loss orders.
3. Initial Balance Range (IBR):
Watch for price movements within the IBR to identify potential trading opportunities.
Breakouts above or below the IBR may signal the beginning of a new trend or continuation of the current trend.
Suggested/Potential Strategies
Reversal Trading: Look for price reversals around previous day's levels, especially when they coincide with other technical indicators or significant support/resistance zones.
Trend Following: Follow the trend by trading breakouts above/below the IBR or weekly high/low levels. Use trailing stops to capture profits while the trend remains intact.
Range Trading: Trade within the IBR when the market is consolidating. Buy near the IBR low and sell near the IBR high, with tight stop-loss orders to manage risk.
Conclusion
The Futures Auto Levels indicator is designed to help incorporate levels into trading analysis and trading strategies to improve profitability and consistency.
Stock WatchOverview
Watch list are very common in trading, but most of them simply provide the means of tracking a list of symbols and their current price. Then, you click through the list and perform some additional analysis individually from a chart setup. What this indicator is designed to do is provide a watch list that employs a high/low price range analysis in a table view across multiple time ranges for a much faster analysis of the symbols you are watching.
Discussion
The concept of this Stock Watch indicator is best understood when you think in terms of a 52 Week Range indication on many financial web sites. Taken a given symbol, what is the high and the low over a 52 week range and then determine where current price is within that range from a percentage perspective between 0% and 100%.
With this concept in mind, let's see how this Stock Watch indicator is meant to benefit.
There are four different H/L ranges relative to the chart's setting and a Scope property. Let's use a three month (3M) chart as our example and set the indicator's Scope = 4. A 3M chart provides three months of data in a single candle, now when we set the Scope = 4 we are stating that 1X is going to look over four candles for the high/low range.
The Scope property is used to determine how many candles it is to scan to determine the high/low range for the corresponding 1X, 3X, 5X and 10X periods. This is how different time ranges are put into perspective. Using a 3M chart with Scope = 4 would represent the following time windows:
- 1X = 3M * 4 is a 12 Months or 1 Year High/Low Range
- 3X = 3M * 4 * 3 is a 36 Months or 3 Years High/Low Range
- 5X = 3M * 4 * 5 is a 60 Months or 5 Years High/Low Range
- 10X = 3M * 4 * 10 is a 120 Months or 10 Years High/Low Range.
With these calculations, the indicator then determines where current price is within each of these High/Low ranges from a percentage perspective between 0% and 100%.
Once the 0% to 100% value is calculated, it then will shade the value according to a color gradient from red to green (or any other two colors you set the indictor to). This color shading really helps to interpret current price quickly.
The greater power to this range and color shading comes when you are able to see where price is according to price history across the multiple time windows. In this example, there is quick analysis across 1 Year, 3 Year, 5 Year and 10 Year windows.
Now let's further improve this quick analysis over 15 different stocks for which the indicator allows you to watch up to at any one time.
For value traders this is huge, because we're always looking for the bargains and we wait for price to be in the value range. Using this indicator helps to instantly see if price has entered a value range before we decide to do further analysis with other charting and fundamental tools.
The Code
The heart of all this is really very simple as you can see in the following code snippet. We're simply looking for the highest high and lowest low across the different scopes and calculating the percentage of the range where current price is for each symbol being watched.
scope = baseScope
watch1X = math.round(((watchClose - ta.lowest(watchLow, scope)) / (ta.highest(watchHigh, scope) - ta.lowest(watchLow, scope))) * 100, 0)
table.cell(tblWatch, columnId, 2, str.format("{0, number, #}%", watch1X), text_size = size.small, text_color = colorText, bgcolor = getBackColor(watch1X))
//3X Lookback
scope := baseScope * 3
watch3X = math.round(((watchClose - ta.lowest(watchLow, scope)) / (ta.highest(watchHigh, scope) - ta.lowest(watchLow, scope))) * 100, 0)
table.cell(tblWatch, columnId, 3, str.format("{0, number, #}%", watch3X), text_size = size.small, text_color = colorText, bgcolor = getBackColor(watch3X))
Conclusion
The example I've laid out here are for large time windows, because I'm a long term investor. However, keep in mind that this can work on any chart setting, you just need to remember that your chart's time period and scope work together to determine what 1X, 3X, 5X and 10X represent.
Let me try and give you one last scenario on this. Consider your chart is set for a 60 minute chart, meaning each candle represents 60 minutes of time and you set the Stock Watch indicator to a scope = 4. These settings would now represent the following and you would be watching up to 15 different stocks across these windows at one time.
1X = 60 minutes * 4 is 240 minutes or 4 hours of time.
3X = 60 minutes * 4 * 3 = 720 minutes or 12 hours of time.
5X = 60 minutes * 4 * 5 = 1200 minutes or 20 hours of time.
10X = 60 minutes * 4 * 10 = 2400 minutes or 40 hours of time.
I hope you find value in my contribution to the cause of trading, and if you have any comments or critiques, I would love to here from you in the comments.
Adaptive MFT Extremum Pivots [Elysian_Mind]Adaptive MFT Extremum Pivots
Overview:
The Adaptive MFT Extremum Pivots indicator, developed by Elysian_Mind, is a powerful Pine Script tool that dynamically displays key market levels, including Monthly Highs/Lows, Weekly Extremums, Pivot Points, and dynamic Resistances/Supports. The term "dynamic" emphasizes the adaptive nature of the calculated levels, ensuring they reflect real-time market conditions. I thank Zandalin for the excellent table design.
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Chart Explanation:
The table, a visual output of the script, is conveniently positioned in the bottom right corner of the screen, showcasing the indicator's dynamic results. The configuration block, elucidated in the documentation, empowers users to customize the display position. The default placement is at the bottom right, exemplified in the accompanying chart.
The deliberate design ensures that the table does not obscure the candlesticks, with traders commonly situating it outside the candle area. However, the flexibility exists to overlay the table onto the candles. Thanks to transparent cells, the underlying chart remains visible even with the table displayed atop.
In the initial column of the table, users will find labels for the monthly high and low, accompanied by their respective numerical values. The default precision for these values is set at #.###, yet this can be adjusted within the configuration block to suit markets with varying degrees of volatility.
Mirroring this layout, the last column of the table presents the weekly high and low data. This arrangement is part of the upper half of the table. Transitioning to the lower half, users encounter the resistance levels in the first column and the support levels in the last column.
At the center of the table, prominently displayed, is the monthly pivot point. For a comprehensive understanding of the calculations governing these values, users can refer to the documentation. Importantly, users retain the freedom to modify these mathematical calculations, with the table seamlessly updating to reflect any adjustments made.
Noteworthy is the table's persistence; it continues to display reliably even if users choose to customize the mathematical calculations, providing a consistent and adaptable tool for informed decision-making in trading.
This detailed breakdown offers traders a clear guide to interpreting the information presented by the table, ensuring optimal use and understanding of the Adaptive MFT Extremum Pivots indicator.
---
Usage:
Table Layout:
The table is a crucial component of this indicator, providing a structured representation of various market levels. Color-coded cells enhance readability, with blue indicating key levels and a semi-transparent background to maintain chart visibility.
1. Utilizing a Table for Enhanced Visibility:
In presenting this wealth of information, the indicator employs a table format beneath the chart. The use of a table is deliberate and offers several advantages:
2. Structured Organization:
The table organizes the diverse data into a structured format, enhancing clarity and making it easier for traders to locate specific information.
3. Concise Presentation:
A table allows for the concise presentation of multiple data points without cluttering the main chart. Traders can quickly reference key levels without distraction.
4. Dynamic Visibility:
As the market dynamically evolves, the table seamlessly updates in real-time, ensuring that the most relevant information is readily visible without obstructing the candlestick chart.
5. Color Coding for Readability:
Color-coded cells in the table not only add visual appeal but also serve a functional purpose by improving readability. Key levels are easily distinguishable, contributing to efficient analysis.
Data Values:
Numerical values for each level are displayed in their respective cells, with precision defined by the iPrecision configuration parameter.
Configuration:
// User configuration: You can modify this part without code understanding
// Table location configuration
// Position: Table
const string iPosition = position.bottom_right
// Width: Table borders
const int iBorderWidth = 1
// Color configuration
// Color: Borders
const color iBorderColor = color.new(color.white, 75)
// Color: Table background
const color iTableColor = color.new(#2B2A29, 25)
// Color: Title cell background
const color iTitleCellColor = color.new(#171F54, 0)
// Color: Characters
const color iCharColor = color.white
// Color: Data cell background
const color iDataCellColor = color.new(#25456E, 0)
// Precision: Numerical data
const int iPrecision = 3
// End of configuration
The code includes a configuration block where users can customize the following parameters:
Precision of Numerical Table Data (iPrecision):
// Precision: Numerical data
const int iPrecision = 3
This parameter (iPrecision) sets the precision of the numerical values displayed in the table. The default value is 3, displaying numbers in #.### format.
Position of the Table (iPosition):
// Position: Table
const string iPosition = position.bottom_right
This parameter (iPosition) sets the position of the table on the chart. The default is position.bottom_right.
Color preferences
Table borders (iBorderColor):
// Color: Borders
const color iBorderColor = color.new(color.white, 75)
This parameters (iBorderColor) sets the color of the borders everywhere within the window.
Table Background (iTableColor):
// Color: Table background
const color iTableColor = color.new(#2B2A29, 25)
This is the background color of the table. If you've got cells without custom background color, this color will be their background.
Title Cell Background (iTitleCellColor):
// Color: Title cell background
const color iTitleCellColor = color.new(#171F54, 0)
This is the background color the title cells. You can set the background of data cells and text color elsewhere.
Text (iCharColor):
// Color: Characters
const color iCharColor = color.white
This is the color of the text - titles and data - within the table window. If you change any of the background colors, you might want to change this parameter to ensure visibility.
Data Cell Background: (iDataCellColor):
// Color: Data cell background
const color iDataCellColor = color.new(#25456E, 0)
The data cells have a background color to differ from title cells. You can configure this is a different parameter (iDataColor). You might even set the same color for data as for the titles if you will.
---
Mathematical Background:
Monthly and Weekly Extremums:
The indicator calculates the High (H) and Low (L) of the previous month and week, ensuring accurate representation of these key levels.
Standard Monthly Pivot Point:
The standard pivot point is determined based on the previous month's data using the formula:
PivotPoint = (PrevMonthHigh + PrevMonthLow + Close ) / 3
Monthly Pivot Points (R1, R2, R3, S1, S2, S3):
Additional pivot points are calculated for Resistances (R) and Supports (S) using the monthly data:
R1 = 2 * PivotPoint - PrevMonthLow
S1 = 2 * PivotPoint - PrevMonthHigh
R2 = PivotPoint + (PrevMonthHigh - PrevMonthLow)
S2 = PivotPoint - (PrevMonthHigh - PrevMonthLow)
R3 = PrevMonthHigh + 2 * (PivotPoint - PrevMonthLow)
S3 = PrevMonthLow - 2 * (PrevMonthHigh - PivotPoint)
---
Code Explanation and Interpretation:
The table displayed beneath the chart provides the following information:
Monthly Extremums:
(H) High of the previous month
(L) Low of the previous month
// Function to get the high and low of the previous month
getPrevMonthHighLow() =>
var float prevMonthHigh = na
var float prevMonthLow = na
monthChanged = month(time) != month(time )
if (monthChanged)
prevMonthHigh := high
prevMonthLow := low
Weekly Extremums:
(H) High of the previous week
(L) Low of the previous week
// Function to get the high and low of the previous week
getPrevWeekHighLow() =>
var float prevWeekHigh = na
var float prevWeekLow = na
weekChanged = weekofyear(time) != weekofyear(time )
if (weekChanged)
prevWeekHigh := high
prevWeekLow := low
Monthly Pivots:
Pivot: Standard pivot point based on the previous month's data
// Function to calculate the standard pivot point based on the previous month's data
getStandardPivotPoint() =>
= getPrevMonthHighLow()
pivotPoint = (prevMonthHigh + prevMonthLow + close ) / 3
Resistances:
R3, R2, R1: Monthly resistance levels
// Function to calculate additional pivot points based on the monthly data
getMonthlyPivotPoints() =>
= getPrevMonthHighLow()
pivotPoint = (prevMonthHigh + prevMonthLow + close ) / 3
r1 = (2 * pivotPoint) - prevMonthLow
s1 = (2 * pivotPoint) - prevMonthHigh
r2 = pivotPoint + (prevMonthHigh - prevMonthLow)
s2 = pivotPoint - (prevMonthHigh - prevMonthLow)
r3 = prevMonthHigh + 2 * (pivotPoint - prevMonthLow)
s3 = prevMonthLow - 2 * (prevMonthHigh - pivotPoint)
Initializing and Populating the Table:
The myTable variable initializes the table with a blue background, and subsequent table.cell functions populate the table with headers and data.
// Initialize the table with adjusted bgcolor
var myTable = table.new(position = iPosition, columns = 5, rows = 10, bgcolor = color.new(color.blue, 90), border_width = 1, border_color = color.new(color.blue, 70))
Dynamic Data Population:
Data is dynamically populated in the table using the calculated values for Monthly Extremums, Weekly Extremums, Monthly Pivot Points, Resistances, and Supports.
// Add rows dynamically with data
= getPrevMonthHighLow()
= getPrevWeekHighLow()
= getMonthlyPivotPoints()
---
Conclusion:
The Adaptive MFT Extremum Pivots indicator offers traders a detailed and clear representation of critical market levels, empowering them to make informed decisions. However, users should carefully analyze the market and consider their individual risk tolerance before making any trading decisions. The indicator's disclaimer emphasizes that it is not investment advice, and the author and script provider are not responsible for any financial losses incurred.
---
Disclaimer:
This indicator is not investment advice. Trading decisions should be made based on a careful analysis of the market and individual risk tolerance. The author and script provider are not responsible for any financial losses incurred.
Kind regards,
Ely
[KVA]K Stochastic IndicatorOriginal Stochastic Oscillator Formula:
%K=(C−Lowest Low)/(Highest High−Lowest Low)×100
Lowest Low refers to the lowest low of the past n periods.
Highest High refers to the highest high of the past n periods.
K Stochastic Indicator Formula:
%K=(Source−Lowest Source)/(Highest Source−Lowest Source)×100
Lowest Source refers to the lowest value of the chosen source over the past length periods.
Highest Source refers to the highest value of the chosen source over the past length periods.
Key Difference :
The original formula calculates %K using the absolute highest high and lowest low of the price over the past n periods.
The K Stochastic formula calculates %K using the highest and lowest values of a chosen source (which could be the close, open, high, or low) over the specified length periods.
So, if _src is set to something other than the high for the Highest Source or something other than the low for the Lowest Source, the K Stochastic will yield different results compared to the original formula which strictly uses the highest high and the lowest low of the price.
Impact on Traders :
Flexibility in Price Source :
By allowing the source (_src) to be customizable, traders can apply the Stochastic calculation to different price points (e.g., open, high, low, close, or even an average of these). This could provide a different perspective on market momentum and potentially offer signals that are more aligned with a trader's specific strategy.
Sensitivity to Price Action :
Changing the source from high/low to potentially less extreme values (like close or open) could result in a less volatile oscillator, smoothing out some of the extreme peaks and troughs and possibly offering a more filtered view of market conditions.
Customization of Periods :
The ability to adjust the length period offers traders the opportunity to fine-tune the sensitivity of the indicator to match their trading horizon. Shorter periods may provide earlier signals, while longer periods could filter out market noise.
Possibility of Applying the Indicator on Other Indicators :
Layered Technical Analysis :
The K Stochastic can be applied to other indicators, not just price. For example, it could be applied to a moving average to analyze its momentum or to indicators like RSI or MACD, offering a meta-analysis that studies the oscillator's behavior of other technical tools.
Creation of Composite Indicator s:
By applying the K Stochastic logic to other indicators, traders could create composite indicators that blend the characteristics of multiple indicators, potentially leading to unique signals that could offer an edge in certain market conditions.
Enhanced Signal Interpretation :
When applied to other indicators, the K Stochastic can help in identifying overbought or oversold conditions within those indicators, offering a different dimension to the interpretation of their output.
Overall Implications :
The KStochastic Indicator's modifications could lead to a more tailored application, giving traders the ability to adapt the tool to their specific trading style and analysis preferences.
By being applicable to other indicators, it broadens the scope of stochastic analysis beyond price action, potentially offering innovative ways to interpret data and make trading decisions.
The changes might also influence the trading signals, either by smoothing the oscillator's output to reduce noise or by altering the sensitivity to generate more or fewer signal
Including the additional %F line, which is unique to the K Stochastic Indicator, further expands the potential impacts and applications for traders:
Impact on Traders with the %F Line:
Triple Smoothing :
The %F line introduces a third level of smoothing, which could help in identifying longer-term trends and filtering out short-term fluctuations. This could be particularly useful for traders looking to avoid whipsaws and focus on more sustained movements.
Potential for Enhanced Confirmation :
The %F line might be used as a confirmation signal. For instance, if all three lines (%K, %D, and %F) are in agreement, a trader might consider this as a stronger signal to buy or sell, as opposed to when only the traditional two lines (%K and %D) are used.
Risk Management:
The additional line could be utilized for more sophisticated risk management strategies, where a trader might decide to scale in or out of positions based on the convergence or divergence of these lines.
Possibility of Applying the Indicator on Other Indicators with the %F Line:
Depth of Analysis :
When applied to other indicators, the %F line can provide an even deeper layer of analysis, perhaps identifying macro trends within the indicator it is applied to, which could go unnoticed with just the traditional two-line approach.
Refined Signal Strength Assessment :
The strength of signals from other indicators could be assessed by the position and direction of the %F line, providing an additional filter to evaluate the robustness of buy or sell signals.
Overall Implications with the %F Line :
The inclusion of the %F line in the K Stochastic Indicator enhances its utility as a tool for trend analysis and signal confirmation. It allows traders to potentially identify and act on more reliable trading opportunities.
This feature can enrich the trader's toolkit by providing a nuanced view of momentum and trend strength, which can be particularly valuable in volatile or choppy markets.
For those applying the K Stochastic to other indicators, the %F line could be integral in creating a multi-tiered analysis strategy, potentially leading to more sophisticated interpretations and decisions.
The presence of the %F line adds a dimension of depth to the analysis possible with the K Stochastic Indicator, making it a versatile tool that could be tailored to a variety of trading styles and objectives. However, as with any indicator, the additional complexity requires careful study and back-testing to ensure its signals are understood and actionable within the context of a comprehensive trading plan.
Autoregressive CloudHello,
I am releasing this indicator called the Autoregressive Cloud Indicator.
What it does:
The indicator performs an autoregression analysis on 3 price variables of a ticker, those being the High, the Low and the Close. It uses a 1-lag system and looks back at the previous close, high and low’s effect on the proceeding high, low and close. It then plots out the anticipated range for the ticker based on the autoregression analysis, as well as displays the lag-correlation (autocorrelation) in a table.
What is Autoregression analysis?
Autoregression is a modelling technique used to describe a time series based on its own past values. It assumes that the current value of a variable is a linear combination of its previous values and a random error term.
And what is autocorrelation?
Autocorrelation measures the correlation between a time series and its lagged values. It quantifies the degree to which the current value of a series is related to its past values at different lags, indicating any patterns or dependencies in the data over time. Autoregression and autocorrelation are closely related concepts used to analyze and model time series data.
So how does it work?
The indicator calculates autoregressive values for the close, high, and low prices of a security based on the specified lookback length (which is defaulted to 50). It then plots three sets of clouds representing the smoothed autoregressive values for each price component (done using the SMA function). The transparency of the clouds can be adjusted using the "Transparency" input. Additionally, the code includes a correlation table that displays the correlation coefficients between the lagged values of the close, high, and low prices. The table's position can be customized using the "Position" input.
The indicator defaults to the chart timeframe; however, you can manually adjust the indicator to display the range for whatever timeframe you would like. You can view the 30 minute, 15 or even hourly range on the 1 minute or 5 minute chart if you want.
The indicator will show the anticipated “true trading range” of the stock based on the autoregression and autocorrelation of all 3 variables:
Above is SPY on the 5 minute timeframe with 15 minute levels overlayed. Here, you can see the anticipated trading range for that 15 minute time period.
Using the Correlation Table:
The correlation table displays the Pearson Coefficient for all 3 autoregressions.
A positive correlation: A positive autocorrelation indicates a positive relationship between past and current values of a time series variable. It suggests that when the variable has a high value at a certain time, it is more likely to have a high value in the future, and when it has a low value, it is more likely to have a low value in the future. This positive autocorrelation can imply persistence or trend in the data, indicating that past values can provide useful information for predicting future values. The rule of thumb is anything over 0.5 is considered significant.
A positive correlation among all 3 variables also indicates an uptrend. If you see a strong positive (i.e. the values are all greater than 0.8), it indicates an incredibly decisive and strong uptrend.
A negative correlation: A negative autocorrelation indicates an inverse relationship between past and current values of a time series variable. It suggests that when the variable has a high value at a certain time, it is more likely to have a low value in the future, and vice versa. This negative autocorrelation can imply mean reversion or oscillatory behavior in the data, where extreme values tend to be followed by values closer to the average. It indicates that past values can provide useful information for predicting future values by anticipating a reversal in the direction of the variable. The rule of thumb is anything below or equal to -0.5 is considered significant.
A negative correlation among all 3 variables also indicates a downtrend. If you see a strong negative (i.e. the values are all less than or equal to -0.8), it indicates an incredibly decisive and strong downtrend.
Uses of the Indicator:
The indicator can be used for the following functions:
1. Day trading and scalping within an expected range;
2. Determining the strength or weakness of an uptrend or downtrend on various timeframes;
3. Determining the relationship between previous values and past performance and its effect on future performance;
4. Can alert to changes in trend direction in advance (you may see high, low or close turn negative before others, signifying that weakness is beginning to materialize in an uptrend, or inverse in a downtrend (value changes positive)).
Customizability:
SMA: The autoregression data is smoothed by a 3 period lookback. You can change this if you want, but in order for the indicator to present the true trading range, it is recommended to leave it at <= 3.
Lookback Length: This is the length of the lookback period for the autoregression and autocorrelation functions.
Transparency settings: You can adjust the transparency of the clouds manually.
Timeframe: You can adjust the timeframe, as explained above, to display the timeframe of interest. When you adjust the timeframe, the data will all reflect that timeframe and not necessarily the current TF you have open (i.e. you select 30 minutes while viewing it on the 5 minute, it will show the data for the 30 minute TF period).
Video Tutorial:
I have prepared a video outlining the indicator and also explaining the theory of autoregression/correlation. You can find it below:
Let me know any comments, questions or suggestions below.
Thank you for taking the time to read/watch and check out this indicator.
Safe trades everyone!
Adaptive Candlestick Pattern Recognition System█ INTRODUCTION
Nearly three years in the making, intermittently worked on in the few spare hours of weekends and time off, this is a passion project I undertook to flesh out my skills as a computer programmer. This script currently recognizes 85 different candlestick patterns ranging from one to five candles in length. It also performs statistical analysis on those patterns to determine prior performance and changes the coloration of those patterns based on that performance. In searching TradingView's script library for scripts similar to this one, I had found a handful. However, when I reviewed the ones which were open source, I did not see many that truly captured the power of PineScrypt or leveraged the way it works to create efficient and reliable code; one of the main driving factors for releasing this 5,000+ line behemoth open sourced.
Please take the time to review this description and source code to utilize this script to its fullest potential.
█ CONCEPTS
This script covers the following topics: Candlestick Theory, Trend Direction, Higher Timeframes, Price Analysis, Statistic Analysis, and Code Design.
Candlestick Theory - This script focuses solely on the concept of Candlestick Theory: arrangements of candlesticks may form certain patterns that can potentially influence the future price action of assets which experience those patterns. A full list of patterns (grouped by pattern length) will be in its own section of this description. This script contains two modes of operation for identifying candlestick patterns, 'CLASSIC' and 'BREAKOUT'.
CLASSIC: In this mode, candlestick patterns will be identified whenever they appear. The user has a wide variety of inputs to manipulate that can change how certain patterns are identified and even enable alerts to notify themselves when these patterns appear. Each pattern selected to appear will have their Profit or Loss (P/L) calculated starting from the first candle open succeeding the pattern to a candle close specified some number of candles ahead. These P/L calculations are then collected for each pattern, and split among partitions of prior price action of the asset the script is currently applied to (more on that in Higher Timeframes ).
BREAKOUT: In this mode, P/L calculations are held off until a breakout direction has been confirmed. The user may specify the number of candles ahead of a pattern's appearance (from one to five) that a pattern has to confirm a breakout in either an upward or downward direction. A breakout is constituted when there is a candle following the appearance of the pattern that closes above/at the highest high of the pattern, or below/at its lowest low. Only then will percent return calculations be performed for the pattern that's been identified, and these percent returns are broken up not only by the partition they had appeared in but also by the breakout direction itself. Patterns which do not breakout in either direction will be ignored, along with having their labels deleted.
In both of these modes, patterns may be overridden. Overrides occur when a smaller pattern has been detected and ends up becoming one (or more) of the candles of a larger pattern. A key example of this would be the Bearish Engulfing and the Three Outside Down patterns. A Three Outside Down necessitates a Bearish Engulfing as the first two candles in it, while the third candle closes lower. When a pattern is overridden, the return for that pattern will no longer be tracked. Overrides will not occur if the tail end of a larger pattern occurs at the beginning of a smaller pattern (Ex: a Bullish Engulfing occurs on the third candle of a Three Outside Down and the candle immediately following that pattern, the Three Outside Down pattern will not be overridden).
Important Functionality Note: These patterns are only searched for at the most recently closed candle, not on the currently closing candle, which creates an offset of one for this script's execution. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
Trend Direction - Many of the patterns require a trend direction prior to their appearance. Noting TradingView's own publication of candlestick patterns, I utilize a similar method for determining trend direction. Moving Averages are used to determine which trend is currently taking place for candlestick patterns to be sought out. The user has access to two Moving Averages which they may individually modify the following for each: Moving Average type (list of 9), their length, width, source values, and all variables associated with two special Moving Averages (Least Squares and Arnaud Legoux).
There are 3 settings for these Moving Averages, the first two switch between the two Moving Averages, and the third uses both. When using individual Moving Averages, the user may select a 'price point' to compare against the Moving Average (default is close). This price point is compared to the Moving Average at the candles prior to the appearance of candle patterns. Meaning: The close compared to the Moving Average two candles behind determines the trend direction used for Candlestick Analysis of one candle patterns; three candles behind for two candle patterns and so on. If the selected price point is above the Moving Average, then the current trend is an 'uptrend', 'downtrend' otherwise.
The third setting using both Moving Averages will compare the lengths of each, and trend direction is determined by the shorter Moving Average compared to the longer one. If the shorter Moving Average is above the longer, then the current trend is an 'uptrend', 'downtrend' otherwise. If the lengths of the Moving Averages are the same, or both Moving Averages are Symmetrical, then MA1 will be used by default. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
Higher Timeframes - This script employs the use of Higher Timeframes with a few request.security calls. The purpose of these calls is strictly for the partitioning of an asset's chart, splitting the returns of patterns into three separate groups. The four inputs in control of this partitioning split the chart based on: A given resolution to grab values from, the length of time in that resolution, and 'Upper' and 'Lower Limits' which split the trading range provided by that length of time in that resolution that forms three separate groups. The default values for these four inputs will partition the current chart by the yearly high-low range where: the 'Upper' partition is the top 20% of that trading range, the 'Middle' partition is 80% to 33% of the trading range, and the 'Lower' partition covers the trading range within 33% of the yearly low.
Patterns which are identified by this script will have their returns grouped together based on which partition they had appeared in. For example, a Bullish Engulfing which occurs within a third of the yearly low will have its return placed separately from a Bullish Engulfing that occurred within 20% of the yearly high. The idea is that certain patterns may perform better or worse depending on when they had occurred during an asset's trading range.
Price Analysis - Price Analysis is a major part of this script's functionality as it can fundamentally change how patterns are shown to the user. The settings related to Price Analysis include setting the number of candles ahead of a pattern's appearance to determine the return of that pattern. In 'BREAKOUT' mode, an additional setting allows the user to specify where the P/L calculation will begin for a pattern that had appeared and confirmed. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
The calculation for percent returns of patterns is illustrated with the following pseudo-code (CLASSIC mode, this is a simplified version of the actual code):
type patternObj
int ID
int partition
type returnsArray
float returns
// No pattern found = na returned
patternObj TEST_VAL = f_FindPattern()
priorTestVal = TEST_VAL
if not na( priorTestVal )
pnlMatrixRow = priorTestVal.ID
pnlMatrixCol = priorTestVal.partition
matrixReturn = matrix.get(PERCENT_RETURNS, pnlMatrixRow, pnlMatrixCol)
percentReturn = ( (close - open ) / open ) * 100%
array.push(matrixReturn.returns, percentReturn)
Statistic Analysis - This script uses Pine's built-in array functions to conduct the Statistic Analysis for patterns. When a pattern is found and its P/L calculation is complete, its return is added to a 'Return Array' User-Defined-Type that contains numerous fields which retain information on a pattern's prior performance. The actual UDT is as follows:
type returnArray
float returns = na
int size = 0
float avg = 0
float median = 0
float stdDev = 0
int polarities = na
All values within this UDT will be updated when a return is added to it (some based on user input). The array.avg , array.median and array.stdev will be ran and saved into their respective fields after a return is placed in the 'returns' array. The 'polarities' integer array is what will be changed based on user input. The user specifies two different percentages that declare 'Positive' and 'Negative' returns for patterns. When a pattern returns above, below, or in between these two values, different indices of this array will be incremented to reflect the kind of return that pattern had just experienced.
These values (plus the full name, partition the pattern occurred in, and a 95% confidence interval of expected returns) will be displayed to the user on the tooltip of the labels that identify patterns. Simply scroll over the pattern label to view each of these values.
Code Design - Overall this script is as much of an art piece as it is functional. Its design features numerous depictions of ASCII Art that illustrate what is being attempted by the functions that identify patterns, and an incalculable amount of time was spent rewriting portions of code to improve its efficiency. Admittedly, this final version is nearly 1,000 lines shorter than a previous version (one which took nearly 30 seconds after compilation to run, and didn't do nearly half of what this version does). The use of UDTs, especially the 'patternObj' one crafted and redesigned from the Hikkake Hunter 2.0 I published last month, played a significant role in making this script run efficiently. There is a slight rigidity in some of this code mainly around pattern IDs which are responsible for displaying the abbreviation for patterns (as well as the full names under the tooltips, and the matrix row position for holding returns), as each is hard-coded to correspond to that pattern.
However, one thing I would like to mention is the extensive use of global variables for pattern detection. Many scripts I had looked over for ideas on how to identify candlestick patterns had the same idea; break the pattern into a set of logical 'true/false' statements derived from historically referencing candle OHLC values. Some scripts which identified upwards of 20 to 30 patterns would reference Pine's built-in OHLC values for each pattern individually, potentially requesting information from TradingView's servers numerous times that could easily be saved into a variable for re-use and only requested once per candle (what this script does).
█ FEATURES
This script features a massive amount of switches, options, floating point values, detection settings, and methods for identifying/tailoring pattern appearances. All modifiable inputs for patterns are grouped together based on the number of candles they contain. Other inputs (like those for statistics settings and coloration) are grouped separately and presented in a way I believe makes the most sense.
Not mentioned above is the coloration settings. One of the aims of this script was to make patterns visually signify their behavior to the user when they are identified. Each pattern has its own collection of returns which are analyzed and compared to the inputs of the user. The user may choose the colors for bullish, neutral, and bearish patterns. They may also choose the minimum number of patterns needed to occur before assigning a color to that pattern based on its behavior; a color for patterns that have not met this minimum number of occurrences yet, and a color for patterns that are still processing in BREAKOUT mode.
There are also an additional three settings which alter the color scheme for patterns: Statistic Point-of-Reference, Adaptive coloring, and Hard Limiting. The Statistic Point-of-Reference decides which value (average or median) will be compared against the 'Negative' and 'Positive Return Tolerance'(s) to guide the coloration of the patterns (or for Adaptive Coloring, the generation of a color gradient).
Adaptive Coloring will have this script produce a gradient that patterns will be colored along. The more bullish or bearish a pattern is, the further along the gradient those patterns will be colored starting from the 'Neutral' color (hard lined at the value of 0%: values above this will be colored bullish, bearish otherwise). When Adaptive Coloring is enabled, this script will request the highest and lowest values (these being the Statistic Point-of-Reference) from the matrix containing all returns and rewrite global variables tied to the negative and positive return tolerances. This means that all patterns identified will be compared with each other to determine bullish/bearishness in Adaptive Coloring.
Hard Limiting will prevent these global variables from being rewritten, so patterns whose Statistic Point-of-Reference exceed the return tolerances will be fully colored the bullish or bearish colors instead of a generated gradient color. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
Apart from the Candle Detection Modes (CLASSIC and BREAKOUT), there's an additional two inputs which modify how this script behaves grouped under a "MASTER DETECTION SETTINGS" tab. These two "Pattern Detection Settings" are 'SWITCHBOARD' and 'TARGET MODE'.
SWITCHBOARD: Every single pattern has a switch that is associated with its detection. When a switch is enabled, the code which searches for that pattern will be run. With the Pattern Detection Setting set to this, all patterns that have their switches enabled will be sought out and shown.
TARGET MODE: There is an additional setting which operates on top of 'SWITCHBOARD' that singles out an individual pattern the user specifies through a drop down list. The names of every pattern recognized by this script will be present along with an identifier that shows the number of candles in that pattern (Ex: " (# candles)"). All patterns enabled in the switchboard will still have their returns measured, but only the pattern selected from the "Target Pattern" list will be shown. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
The vast majority of other features are held in the one, two, and three candle pattern sections.
For one-candle patterns, there are:
3 — Settings related to defining 'Tall' candles:
The number of candles to sample for previous candle-size averages.
The type of comparison done for 'Tall' Candles: Settings are 'RANGE' and 'BODY'.
The 'Tolerance' for tall candles, specifying what percent of the 'average' size candles must exceed to be considered 'Tall'.
When 'Tall Candle Setting' is set to RANGE, the high-low ranges are what the current candle range will be compared against to determine if a candle is 'Tall'. Otherwise the candle bodies (absolute value of the close - open) will be compared instead. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
Hammer Tolerance - How large a 'discarded wick' may be before it disqualifies a candle from being a 'Hammer'.
Discarded wicks are compared to the size of the Hammer's candle body and are dependent upon the body's center position. Hammer bodies closer to the high of the candle will have the upper wick used as its 'discarded wick', otherwise the lower wick is used.
9 — Doji Settings, some pulled from an old Doji Hunter I made a while back:
Doji Tolerance - How large the body of a candle may be compared to the range to be considered a 'Doji'.
Ignore N/S Dojis - Turns off Trend Direction for non-special Dojis.
GS/DF Doji Settings - 2 Inputs that enable and specify how large wicks that typically disqualify Dojis from being 'Gravestone' or 'Dragonfly' Dojis may be.
4 Settings related to 'Long Wick Doji' candles detailed below.
A Tolerance for 'Rickshaw Man' Dojis specifying how close the center of the body must be to the range to be valid.
The 4 settings the user may modify for 'Long Legged' Dojis are: A Sample Base for determining the previous average of wicks, a Sample Length specifying how far back to look for these averages, a Behavior Setting to define how 'Long Legged' Dojis are recognized, and a tolerance to specify how large in comparison to the prior wicks a Doji's wicks must be to be considered 'Long Legged'.
The 'Sample Base' list has two settings:
RANGE: The wicks of prior candles are compared to their candle ranges and the 'wick averages' will be what the average percent of ranges were in the sample.
WICKS: The size of the wicks themselves are averaged and returned for comparing against the current wicks of a Doji.
The 'Behavior' list has three settings:
ONE: Only one wick length needs to exceed the average by the tolerance for a Doji to be considered 'Long Legged'.
BOTH: Both wick lengths need to exceed the average of the tolerance of their respective wicks (upper wicks are compared to upper wicks, lower wicks compared to lower) to be considered 'Long Legged'.
AVG: Both wicks and the averages of the previous wicks are added together, divided by two, and compared. If the 'average' of the current wicks exceeds this combined average of prior wicks by the tolerance, then this would constitute a valid 'Long Legged' Doji. (For Dojis in general - SEE LIMITATIONS)
The final input is one related to candle patterns which require a Marubozu candle in them. The two settings for this input are 'INCLUSIVE' and 'EXCLUSIVE'. If INCLUSIVE is selected, any opening/closing variant of Marubozu candles will be allowed in the patterns that require them.
For two-candle patterns, there are:
2 — Settings which define 'Engulfing' parameters:
Engulfing Setting - Two options, RANGE or BODY which sets up how one candle may 'engulf' the previous.
Inclusive Engulfing - Boolean which enables if 'engulfing' candles can be equal to the values needed to 'engulf' the prior candle.
For the 'Engulfing Setting':
RANGE: If the second candle's high-low range completely covers the high-low range of the prior candle, this is recognized as 'engulfing'.
BODY: If the second candle's open-close completely covers the open-close of the previous candle, this is recognized as 'engulfing'. (SEE LIMITATIONS)
4 — Booleans specifying different settings for a few patterns:
One which allows for 'opens within body' patterns to let the second candle's open/close values match the prior candles' open/close.
One which forces 'Kicking' patterns to have a gap if the Marubozu setting is set to 'INCLUSIVE'.
And Two which dictate if the individual candles in 'Stomach' patterns need to be 'Tall'.
8 — Floating point values which affect 11 different patterns:
One which determines the distance the close of the first candle in a 'Hammer Inverted' pattern must be to the low to be considered valid.
One which affects how close the opens/closes need to be for all 'Lines' patterns (Bull/Bear Meeting/Separating Lines).
One that allows some leeway with the 'Matching Low' pattern (gives a small range the second candle close may be within instead of needing to match the previous close).
Three tolerances for On Neck/In Neck patterns (2 and 1 respectively).
A tolerance for the Thrusting pattern which give a range the close the second candle may be between the midpoint and close of the first to be considered 'valid'.
A tolerance for the two Tweezers patterns that specifies how close the highs and lows of the patterns need to be to each other to be 'valid'.
The first On Neck tolerance specifies how large the lower wick of the first candle may be (as a % of that candle's range) before the pattern is invalidated. The second tolerance specifies how far up the lower wick to the close the second candle's close may be for this pattern. The third tolerance for the In Neck pattern determines how far into the body of the first candle the second may close to be 'valid'.
For the remaining patterns (3, 4, and 5 candles), there are:
3 — Settings for the Deliberation pattern:
A boolean which forces the open of the third candle to gap above the close of the second.
A tolerance which changes the proximity of the third candle's open to the second candle's close in this pattern.
A tolerance that sets the maximum size the third candle may be compared to the average of the first two candles.
One boolean value for the Two Crows patterns (standard and Upside Gapping) that forces the first two candles in the patterns to completely gap if disabled (candle 1's close < candle 2's low).
10 — Floating point values for the remaining patterns:
One tolerance for defining how much the size of each candle in the Identical Black Crows pattern may deviate from the average of themselves to be considered valid.
One tolerance for setting how close the opens/closes of certain three candle patterns may be to each other's opens/closes.*
Three floating point values that affect the Three Stars in the South pattern.
One tolerance for the Side-by-Side patterns - looks at the second and third candle closes.
One tolerance for the Stick Sandwich pattern - looks at the first and third candle closes.
A floating value that sizes the Concealing Baby Swallow pattern's 3rd candle wick.
Two values for the Ladder Bottom pattern which define a range that the third candle's wick size may be.
* This affects the Three Black Crows (non-identical) and Three White Soldiers patterns, each require the opens and closes of every candle to be near each other.
The first tolerance of the Three Stars in the South pattern affects the first candle body's center position, and defines where it must be above to be considered valid. The second tolerance specifies how close the second candle must be to this same position, as well as the deviation the ratio the candle body to its range may be in comparison to the first candle. The third restricts how large the second candle range may be in comparison to the first (prevents this pattern from being recognized if the second candle is similar to the first but larger).
The last two floating point values define upper and lower limits to the wick size of a Ladder Bottom's fourth candle to be considered valid.
█ HOW TO USE
While there are many moving parts to this script, I attempted to set the default values with what I believed may help identify the most patterns within reasonable definitions. When this script is applied to a chart, the Candle Detection Mode (along with the BREAKOUT settings) and all candle switches must be confirmed before patterns are displayed. All switches are on by default, so this gives the user an opportunity to pick which patterns to identify first before playing around in the settings.
All of the settings/inputs described above are meant for experimentation. I encourage the user to tweak these values at will to find which set ups work best for whichever charts they decide to apply these patterns to.
Refer to the patterns themselves during experimentation. The statistic information provided on the tooltips of the patterns are meant to help guide input decisions. The breadth of candlestick theory is deep, and this was an attempt at capturing what I could in its sea of information.
█ LIMITATIONS
DISCLAIMER: While it may seem a bit paradoxical that this script aims to use past performance to potentially measure future results, past performance is not indicative of future results . Markets are highly adaptive and often unpredictable. This script is meant as an informational tool to show how patterns may behave. There is no guarantee that confidence intervals (or any other metric measured with this script) are accurate to the performance of patterns; caution must be exercised with all patterns identified regardless of how much information regarding prior performance is available.
Candlestick Theory - In the name, Candlestick Theory is a theory , and all theories come with their own limits. Some patterns identified by this script may be completely useless/unprofitable/unpredictable regardless of whatever combination of settings are used to identify them. However, if I truly believed this theory had no merit, this script would not exist. It is important to understand that this is a tool meant to be utilized with an array of others to procure positive (or negative, looking at you, short sellers ) results when navigating the complex world of finance.
To address the functionality note however, this script has an offset of 1 by default. Patterns will not be identified on the currently closing candle, only on the candle which has most recently closed. Attempting to have this script do both (offset by one or identify on close) lead to more trouble than it was worth. I personally just want users to be aware that patterns will not be identified immediately when they appear.
Trend Direction - Moving Averages - There is a small quirk with how MA settings will be adjusted if the user inputs two moving averages of the same length when the "MA Setting" is set to 'BOTH'. If Moving Averages have the same length, this script will default to only using MA 1 regardless of if the types of Moving Averages are different . I will experiment in the future to alleviate/reduce this restriction.
Price Analysis - BREAKOUT mode - With how identifying patterns with a look-ahead confirmation works, the percent returns for patterns that break out in either direction will be calculated on the same candle regardless of if P/L Offset is set to 'FROM CONFIRMATION' or 'FROM APPEARANCE'. This same issue is present in the Hikkake Hunter script mentioned earlier. This does not mean the P/L calculations are incorrect , the offset for the calculation is set by the number of candles required to confirm the pattern if 'FROM APPEARANCE' is selected. It just means that these two different P/L calculations will complete at the same time independent of the setting that's been selected.
Adaptive Coloring/Hard Limiting - Hard Limiting is only used with Adaptive Coloring and has no effect outside of it. If Hard Limiting is used, it is recommended to increase the 'Positive' and 'Negative' return tolerance values as a pattern's bullish/bearishness may be disproportionately represented with the gradient generated under a hard limit.
TARGET MODE - This mode will break rules regarding patterns that are overridden on purpose. If a pattern selected in TARGET mode would have otherwise been absorbed by a larger pattern, it will have that pattern's percent return calculated; potentially leading to duplicate returns being included in the matrix of all returns recognized by this script.
'Tall' Candle Setting - This is a wide-reaching setting, as approximately 30 different patterns or so rely on defining 'Tall' candles. Changing how 'Tall' candles are defined whether by the tolerance value those candles need to exceed or by the values of the candle used for the baseline comparison (RANGE/BODY) can wildly affect how this script functions under certain conditions. Refer to the tooltip of these settings for more information on which specific patterns are affected by this.
Doji Settings - There are roughly 10 or so two to three candle patterns which have Dojis as a part of them. If all Dojis are disabled, it will prevent some of these larger patterns from being recognized. This is a dependency issue that I may address in the future.
'Engulfing' Setting - Functionally, the two 'Engulfing' settings are quite different. Because of this, the 'RANGE' setting may cause certain patterns that would otherwise be valid under textbook and online references/definitions to not be recognized as such (like the Upside Gap Two Crows or Three Outside down).
█ PATTERN LIST
This script recognizes 85 patterns upon initial release. I am open to adding additional patterns to it in the future and any comments/suggestions are appreciated. It recognizes:
15 — 1 Candle Patterns
4 Hammer type patterns: Regular Hammer, Takuri Line, Shooting Star, and Hanging Man
9 Doji Candles: Regular Dojis, Northern/Southern Dojis, Gravestone/Dragonfly Dojis, Gapping Up/Down Dojis, and Long-Legged/Rickshaw Man Dojis
White/Black Long Days
32 — 2 Candle Patterns
4 Engulfing type patterns: Bullish/Bearish Engulfing and Last Engulfing Top/Bottom
Dark Cloud Cover
Bullish/Bearish Doji Star patterns
Hammer Inverted
Bullish/Bearish Haramis + Cross variants
Homing Pigeon
Bullish/Bearish Kicking
4 Lines type patterns: Bullish/Bearish Meeting/Separating Lines
Matching Low
On/In Neck patterns
Piercing pattern
Shooting Star (2 Lines)
Above/Below Stomach patterns
Thrusting
Tweezers Top/Bottom patterns
Two Black Gapping
Rising/Falling Window patterns
29 — 3 Candle Patterns
Bullish/Bearish Abandoned Baby patterns
Advance Block
Collapsing Doji Star
Deliberation
Upside/Downside Gap Three Methods patterns
Three Inside/Outside Up/Down patterns (4 total)
Bullish/Bearish Side-by-Side patterns
Morning/Evening Star patterns + Doji variants
Stick Sandwich
Downside/Upside Tasuki Gap patterns
Three Black Crows + Identical variation
Three White Soldiers
Three Stars in the South
Bullish/Bearish Tri-Star patterns
Two Crows + Upside Gap variant
Unique Three River Bottom
3 — 4 Candle Patterns
Concealing Baby Swallow
Bullish/Bearish Three Line Strike patterns
6 — 5 Candle Patterns
Bullish/Bearish Breakaway patterns
Ladder Bottom
Mat Hold
Rising/Falling Three Methods patterns
█ WORKS CITED
Because of the amount of time needed to complete this script, I am unable to provide exact dates for when some of these references were used. I will also not provide every single reference, as citing a reference for each individual pattern and the place it was reviewed would lead to a bibliography larger than this script and its description combined. There were five major resources I used when building this script, one book, two websites (for various different reasons including patterns, moving averages, and various other articles of information), various scripts from TradingView's public library (including TradingView's own source code for *all* candle patterns ), and PineScrypt's reference manual.
Bulkowski, Thomas N. Encyclopedia of Candlestick Patterns . Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2008. E-book (google books).
Various. Numerous webpages. CandleScanner . 2023. online. Accessed 2020 - 2023.
Various. Numerous webpages. Investopedia . 2023. online. Accessed 2020 - 2023.
█ AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I want to take the time here to thank all of my friends and family, both online and in real life, for the support they've given me over the last few years in this endeavor. My pets who tried their hardest to keep me from completing it. And work for the grit to continue pushing through until this script's completion.
This belongs to me just as much as it does anyone else. Whether you are an institutional trader, gold bug hedging against the dollar, retail ape who got in on a squeeze, or just parents trying to grow their retirement/save for the kids. This belongs to everyone.
Private Beta for new features to be tested can be found here .
Vires In Numeris
Rangemeter [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator simply displays candle and peak to trough ranges in points or pips, depending on the symbol type, in a table, which can be repositioned and resized at the user's discretion.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a close price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a close price that is lower than the price it opened.
Open Green and Red Candles
• An open green candle is one that has a close price equal to or above the price it opened, but has not yet closed to confirm the condition.
• An open red candle is one that has a close price lower than the price it opened, but has not yet closed to confirm the condition.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Historic Peaks and Troughs
The current, or most recent, peak and trough occurrences are referred to as occurrence zero. Previous peak and trough occurrences are referred to as historic and ordered numerically from right to left, with the most recent historic peak and trough occurrences being occurrence one.
Range
The range is simply the difference between the current peak and current trough prices, generally expressed in terms of points or pips.
Open Range
An open range is here defined as one that is forming but has not yet completed. For example, a swing low that has an open green candle proceeding a red candle or series of red candles. Or a swing high that has an open red candle proceeding a green candle or series of green candles.
The table will only display the open range under the aforementioned circumstances, otherwise it will display the current, or previous, range.
█ FEATURES
Inputs
• Show Candle Ranges
• Show Largest and Smallest Candle Ranges
• Average Candle Range Lookback
• Show Ranges
• Show Largest and Smallest Ranges
• Average Range Lookback
• Position
• Text Size
█ HOW TO USE
The indicator can be used for strategy filtering and development, gauging current market conditions versus historic and helping to make more informed discretionary trading decisions. It can also be used like my Wavemeter indicator to objectively set the angle and projection ratio for my Fan Projections and Parallel Projections indicators.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green. You can avoid this problem by ensuring the lookback for the average range does not reach as far back as the start of the chart. If you are unsure about the candle count you can use my Candle Counter indicator to find out how many candles are displayed on the chart.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
It is also worth noting that the lookback will be limited to your Trading View subscription plan. Premium users get 20,000 candles worth of data, pro+ and pro users get 10,000, and basic users get 5,000.
Return Line Downtrends [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator simply plots multi-part return line downtrends and should be used in conjunction with my Return Line Uptrends, Downtrends and Uptrends indicators as a visual aid to my Trend Counter indicator.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a high price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a low price that is lower than the price it opened.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Upper Trends
• A return line uptrend is formed when the current peak price is higher than the preceding peak price.
• A downtrend is formed when the current peak price is lower than the preceding peak price.
• A double-top is formed when the current peak price is equal to the preceding peak price.
Lower Trends
• An uptrend is formed when the current trough price is higher than the preceding trough price.
• A return line downtrend is formed when the current trough price is lower than the preceding trough price.
• A double-bottom is formed when the current trough price is equal to the preceding trough price.
Muti-Part Upper and Lower Trends
• A multi-part return line uptrend begins with the formation of a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, and continues until a new downtrend, or lower peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part downtrend begins with the formation of a new downtrend, or lower peak, and continues until a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part uptrend begins with the formation of a new uptrend, or higher trough, and continues until a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, completes the trend.
• A multi-part return line downtrend begins with the formation of a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, and continues until a new uptrend, or higher trough, completes the trend.
█ FEATURES
Plots
Red down-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote return line downtrends.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
Uptrends [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator simply plots multi-part uptrends and should be used in conjunction with my Return Line Uptrends, Downtrends and Return Line Downtrends indicators as a visual aid to my Trend Counter indicator.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a high price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a low price that is lower than the price it opened.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Upper Trends
• A return line uptrend is formed when the current peak price is higher than the preceding peak price.
• A downtrend is formed when the current peak price is lower than the preceding peak price.
• A double-top is formed when the current peak price is equal to the preceding peak price.
Lower Trends
• An uptrend is formed when the current trough price is higher than the preceding trough price.
• A return line downtrend is formed when the current trough price is lower than the preceding trough price.
• A double-bottom is formed when the current trough price is equal to the preceding trough price.
Muti-Part Upper and Lower Trends
• A multi-part return line uptrend begins with the formation of a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, and continues until a new downtrend, or lower peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part downtrend begins with the formation of a new downtrend, or lower peak, and continues until a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part uptrend begins with the formation of a new uptrend, or higher trough, and continues until a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, completes the trend.
• A multi-part return line downtrend begins with the formation of a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, and continues until a new uptrend, or higher trough, completes the trend.
█ FEATURES
Plots
Green up-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote uptrends.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
Downtrends [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator simply plots multi-part downtrends and should be used in conjunction with my Return Line Uptrends, Uptrends and Return Line Downtrends indicators as a visual aid to my Trend Counter indicator.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a high price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a low price that is lower than the price it opened.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Upper Trends
• A return line uptrend is formed when the current peak price is higher than the preceding peak price.
• A downtrend is formed when the current peak price is lower than the preceding peak price.
• A double-top is formed when the current peak price is equal to the preceding peak price.
Lower Trends
• An uptrend is formed when the current trough price is higher than the preceding trough price.
• A return line downtrend is formed when the current trough price is lower than the preceding trough price.
• A double-bottom is formed when the current trough price is equal to the preceding trough price.
Muti-Part Upper and Lower Trends
• A multi-part return line uptrend begins with the formation of a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, and continues until a new downtrend, or lower peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part downtrend begins with the formation of a new downtrend, or lower peak, and continues until a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part uptrend begins with the formation of a new uptrend, or higher trough, and continues until a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, completes the trend.
• A multi-part return line downtrend begins with the formation of a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, and continues until a new uptrend, or higher trough, completes the trend.
█ FEATURES
Plots
Red down-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote downtrends.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
Return Line Uptrends [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator simply plots multi-part return line uptrends and should be used in conjunction with my Downtrends, Uptrends and Return Line Downtrends indicators as a visual aid to my Trend Counter indicator.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a high price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a low price that is lower than the price it opened.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Upper Trends
• A return line uptrend is formed when the current peak price is higher than the preceding peak price.
• A downtrend is formed when the current peak price is lower than the preceding peak price.
• A double-top is formed when the current peak price is equal to the preceding peak price.
Lower Trends
• An uptrend is formed when the current trough price is higher than the preceding trough price.
• A return line downtrend is formed when the current trough price is lower than the preceding trough price.
• A double-bottom is formed when the current trough price is equal to the preceding trough price.
Muti-Part Upper and Lower Trends
• A multi-part return line uptrend begins with the formation of a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, and continues until a new downtrend, or lower peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part downtrend begins with the formation of a new downtrend, or lower peak, and continues until a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part uptrend begins with the formation of a new uptrend, or higher trough, and continues until a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, completes the trend.
• A multi-part return line downtrend begins with the formation of a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, and continues until a new uptrend, or higher trough, completes the trend.
█ FEATURES
Plots
Green up-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote return line uptrends.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
Trend Counter [theEccentricTrader]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator counts the number of confirmed trend scenarios on any given candlestick chart and displays the statistics in a table, which can be repositioned and resized at the user's discretion.
█ CONCEPTS
Green and Red Candles
• A green candle is one that closes with a high price equal to or above the price it opened.
• A red candle is one that closes with a low price that is lower than the price it opened.
Swing Highs and Swing Lows
• A swing high is a green candle or series of consecutive green candles followed by a single red candle to complete the swing and form the peak.
• A swing low is a red candle or series of consecutive red candles followed by a single green candle to complete the swing and form the trough.
Peak and Trough Prices (Basic)
• The peak price of a complete swing high is the high price of either the red candle that completes the swing high or the high price of the preceding green candle, depending on which is higher.
• The trough price of a complete swing low is the low price of either the green candle that completes the swing low or the low price of the preceding red candle, depending on which is lower.
Upper Trends
• A return line uptrend is formed when the current peak price is higher than the preceding peak price.
• A downtrend is formed when the current peak price is lower than the preceding peak price.
• A double-top is formed when the current peak price is equal to the preceding peak price.
Lower Trends
• An uptrend is formed when the current trough price is higher than the preceding trough price.
• A return line downtrend is formed when the current trough price is lower than the preceding trough price.
• A double-bottom is formed when the current trough price is equal to the preceding trough price.
Muti-Part Upper and Lower Trends
• A multi-part return line uptrend begins with the formation of a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, and continues until a new downtrend, or lower peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part downtrend begins with the formation of a new downtrend, or lower peak, and continues until a new return line uptrend, or higher peak, completes the trend.
• A multi-part uptrend begins with the formation of a new uptrend, or higher trough, and continues until a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, completes the trend.
• A multi-part return line downtrend begins with the formation of a new return line downtrend, or lower trough, and continues until a new uptrend, or higher trough, completes the trend.
█ FEATURES
Inputs
Start Date
End Date
Position
Text Size
Show Sample Period
Table
The table is colour coded, consists of seven columns and, as many as, forty-one rows. Blue cells denote the multi-part trend scenarios, green cells denote the corresponding return line uptrend and uptrend scenarios and red cells denote the corresponding downtrend and return line downtrend scenarios.
The trend scenarios are listed in the first column with their corresponding total counts to the right, in the second and fifth columns. The last row in column one, displays the sample period which can be adjusted or hidden via indicator settings.
The third and sixth columns display the trend scenarios as percentage of total 1-part trends. And columns four and seven display the total trend scenarios as percentages of the, last, or preceding trend part. For example 4-part trends as a percentages of 3-part trends. This offers more insight into what might happen next at any given point in time.
Plots
For a visual aid to this indicator please use in conjunction with my Return Line Uptrends, Downtrends, Uptrends and Return Line Downtrends indicators which can all be found on my profile page under scripts, or in community scripts under the same names. Unfortunately, I could not fit all the plots with the correct offsets into one script so I had to make a separate indicator for each trend type. I decided against labels as this would limit the visual data points to 500.
Green up-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote return line uptrends and uptrends. Red down-arrows, with the number of the trend part, denote downtrends and return line downtrends.
█ HOW TO USE
This is intended for research purposes, strategy development and strategy optimisation. I hope it will be useful in helping to gain a better understanding of the underlying dynamics at play on any given market and timeframe.
It can, for example, give you an idea of whether the current trend will continue or fail, based on the current trend scenario and what has happened in the past under similar circumstances. Such information can be very useful when conducting top down analysis across multiple timeframes and making strategic decisions.
What you do with these statistics and how far you decide to take your research is entirely up to you, the possibilities are endless.
█ LIMITATIONS
Some higher timeframe candles on tickers with larger lookbacks such as the DXY , do not actually contain all the open, high, low and close (OHLC) data at the beginning of the chart. Instead, they use the close price for open, high and low prices. So, while we can determine whether the close price is higher or lower than the preceding close price, there is no way of knowing what actually happened intra-bar for these candles. And by default candles that close at the same price as the open price, will be counted as green. You can avoid this problem by utilising the sample period filter.
The green and red candle calculations are based solely on differences between open and close prices, as such I have made no attempt to account for green candles that gap lower and close below the close price of the preceding candle, or red candles that gap higher and close above the close price of the preceding candle. I can only recommend using 24-hour markets, if and where possible, as there are far fewer gaps and, generally, more data to work with. Alternatively, you can replace the scenarios with your own logic to account for the gap anomalies, if you are feeling up to the challenge.
It is also worth noting that the sample size will be limited to your Trading View subscription plan. Premium users get 20,000 candles worth of data, pro+ and pro users get 10,000, and basic users get 5,000. If upgrading is currently not an option, you can always keep a rolling tally of the statistics in an excel spreadsheet or something of the like.
Opening Range & Daily and Weekly PivotsThis script is for a combination of two indicators: an Opening Range Breakout (ORB) indicator and a daily/weekly high/low pivot indicator. The ORB indicator displays the opening range (the high and low of the first X minutes of the trading day, where X is a user-defined parameter) as two lines on the chart. If the price closes above the ORB high, the script triggers an alert with the message "Price has broken above the opening range." Similarly, if the price closes below the ORB low, the script triggers an alert with the message "Price has broken below the opening range."
The daily/weekly high/low pivot indicator plots the previous day's high and low as well as the previous week's high and low. If the current price closes above yesterday's high or last week's high, the script triggers an alert with the messages "We are now trading higher than the previous daily high" and "We are now trading higher than the last week high", respectively. If the current price closes below yesterday's low or last week's low, the script triggers an alert with the messages "We are now trading lower than the previous daily low" and "We are now trading lower than the last week low", respectively.
In addition to the visual representation on the chart, the script also triggers alerts when the price crosses any of these levels. These alerts are intended to help traders make decisions about entering or exiting trades based on the price action relative to key levels of support and resistance.
ATR PivotsThe "ATR Pivots" script is a technical analysis tool designed to help traders identify key levels of support and resistance on a chart. The indicator uses various metrics such as the Average True Range (ATR), Daily True Range ( DTR ), Daily True Range Percentage (DTR%), Average Daily Range (ADR), Previous Day High ( PDH ), and Previous Day Low ( PDL ) to provide a comprehensive picture of the volatility and movement of a security. The script also includes an EMA cloud and 200 EMA for trend identification and a 1-minute ATR scalping strategy for traders to make informed trading decisions.
ATR Detail:-
The ATR is a measure of the volatility of a security over a given period of time. It is calculated by taking the average of the true range (the difference between the high and low of a security) over a set number of periods. The user can input the number of periods (ATR length) to be used for the ATR calculation. The script also allows the user to choose whether to use the current close or not for the calculation. The script calculates various levels of support and resistance based on the relationship between the security's range ( high-low ) and the ATR. The levels are calculated by multiplying the ATR by different Fibonacci ratios (0.236, 0.382, 0.5, 0.618, 0.786, 1.000) and then adding or subtracting the result from the previous close. The script plots these levels on the chart, with the -100 level being the most significant level. The user also has an option to choose whether to plot all Fibonacci levels or not.
DTR and DTR% Detail:-
The Daily True Range Percentage (DTR%) is a metric that measures the daily volatility of a security as a percentage of its previous close. It is calculated by dividing the Daily True Range ( DTR ) by the previous close. DTR is the range between the current period's high and low and gives a measure of the volatility of the security on a daily basis. DTR% can be used as an indicator of the percentage of movement of the security on a daily basis. In this script, DTR% is used in combination with other metrics such as the Average True Range (ATR) and Fibonacci ratios to calculate key levels of support and resistance for the security. The idea behind using DTR% is that it can help traders to better understand the daily volatility of the security and make more informed trading decisions.
For example, if a security has a DTR% of 2%, it suggests that the security has a relatively low level of volatility and is less likely to experience significant price movements on a daily basis. On the other hand, if a security has a DTR% of 10%, it suggests that the security has a relatively high level of volatility and is more likely to experience significant price movements on a daily basis.
ADR:-
The script then calculates the ADR (Average Daily Range) which is the average of the daily range of the security, using the formula (Period High - Period Low) / ATR Length. This gives a measure of the average volatility of the security on a daily basis, which can be useful for determining potential levels of support and resistance .
PDH /PDL:-
The script also calculates PDH (Previous Day High) and PDL (Previous Day Low) which are the High and low of the previous day of the security. This gives a measure of the previous day's volatility and movement, which can be useful for determining potential levels of support and resistance .
EMA Cloud and 200 EMA Detail:-
The EMA cloud is a technical analysis tool that helps traders identify the trend of the market by comparing two different exponential moving averages (EMAs) of different lengths. The cloud is created by plotting the fast EMA and the slow EMA on the chart and filling the space between them. The user can input the length of the fast and slow EMA , and the script will calculate and plot these EMAs on the chart. The space between the two EMAs is then filled with a color that represents the trend, with green indicating a bullish trend and red indicating a bearish trend . Additionally, the script also plots a 200 EMA , which is a commonly used long-term trend indicator. When the fast EMA is above the slow EMA and the 200 EMA , it is considered a bullish signal, indicating an uptrend. When the fast EMA is below the slow EMA and the 200 EMA , it is considered a bearish signal, indicating a downtrend. The EMA cloud and 200 EMA can be used together to help traders identify the overall trend of the market and make more informed trading decisions.
1 Minute ATR Scalping Strategy:-
The script also includes a 1-minute ATR scalping strategy that can be used by traders looking for quick profits in the market. The strategy involves using the ATR levels calculated by the script as well as the EMA cloud and 200 EMA to identify potential buy and sell opportunities. For example, if the 1-minute ATR is above 11 in NIFTY and the EMA cloud is bullish , the strategy suggests buying the security. Similarly, if the 1-minute ATR is above 30 in BANKNIFTY and the EMA cloud is bullish , the strategy suggests buying the security.
Inside Candle:-
The Inside Candle is a price action pattern that occurs when the current candle's high and low are entirely within the range of the previous candle's high and low. This pattern indicates indecision or consolidation in the market and can be a potential sign of a trend reversal. When used in the 15-minute chart, traders can look for Inside Candle patterns that occur at key levels of support or resistance. If the Inside Candle pattern occurs at a key level and the price subsequently breaks out of the range of the Inside Candle, it can be a signal to enter a trade in the direction of the breakout. Traders can also use the Inside Candle pattern to trade in a tight range, or to reduce their exposure to a current trend.
Risk Management:-
As with any trading strategy, it is important to practice proper risk management when using the ATR Pivots script and the 1-minute ATR scalping strategy. This may include setting stop-loss orders, using appropriate position sizing, and diversifying your portfolio. It is also important to note that past performance is not indicative of future results and that the script and strategy provided are for educational purposes only.
In conclusion, the "ATR Pivots" script is a powerful tool that can help traders identify key levels of support and resistance , as well as trend direction. The additional metrics such as DTR , DTR%, ADR, PDH , and PDL provide a more comprehensive picture of the volatility and movement of the security, making it easier for traders to make better trading decisions. The inclusion of the EMA cloud and 200 EMA for trend identification, and the 1-minute ATR scalping strategy for quick profits can further enhance a trader's decision-making process. However, it is important to practice proper risk management and understand that past performance is not indicative of future results.
Special thanks to satymahajan for the idea of clubbing Average True Range with Fibonacci levels.
Session candles & reversals / quantifytools— Overview
Like traditional candles, session based candles are a visualization of open, high, low and close values, but based on session time periods instead of typical timeframes such as daily or weekly. Session candles are formed by fetching price at session start (open), highest price during session (high), lowest price during session (low) and price at session end (close). On top of candles, session based moving average is formed and session reversals detected. Session reversals are also backtested, using win rate and magnitude metrics to better understand what to expect from session reversals and which ones have historically performed the best.
By default, following session time periods are used:
Session #1: London (08:00 - 17:00, UTC)
Session #2: New York (13:00 - 22:00, UTC)
Session #3: Sydney (21:00 - 06:00, UTC)
Session #4: Tokyo (00:00 - 09:00, UTC)
Session time periods can be changed via input menu.
— Reversals
Session reversals are patterns that show a rapid change in direction during session. These formations are more familiarly known as wicks or engulfing candles. Following criteria must be met to qualify as a session reversal:
Wick up:
Lower high, lower low, close >= 65% of session range (0% being the very low, 100% being the very high) and open >= 40% of session range.
Wick down:
Higher high, higher low, close <= 35% of session range and open <= 60% of session range.
Engulfing up:
Higher high, lower low, close >= 65% of session range.
Engulfing down:
Higher high, lower low, close <= 35% of session range.
Session reversals are always based on prior corresponding session , e.g. to qualify as a NY session engulfing up, NY session must have a higher high and lower low relative to prior NY session , not just any session that has taken place in between. Session reversals should be viewed the same way wicks/engulfing formations are viewed on traditional timeframe based candles. Essentially, wick reversals (light green/red labels) tell you most of the motion during session was reversed. Engulfing reversals (dark green/red labels) on the other hand tell you all of the motion was reversed and new direction set.
— Backtesting
Session reversals are backtested using win rate and magnitude metrics. A session reversal is considered successful when next corresponding session closes higher/lower than session reversal close . Win rate is formed by dividing successful session reversal count with total reversal count, e.g. 5 successful reversals up / 10 reversals up total = 50% win rate. Win rate tells us what are the odds (historically) of session reversal producing a clean supporting move that was persistent enough to close that way too.
When a session reversal is successful, its magnitude is measured using percentage increase/decrease from session reversal close to next corresponding session high/low . If NY session closes higher than prior NY session that was a reversal up, the percentage increase from prior session close (reversal close) to current session high is measured. If NY session closes lower than prior NY session that was a reversal down, the percentage decrease from prior session close to current session low is measured.
Average magnitude is formed by dividing all percentage increases/decreases with total reversal count, e.g. 10 total reversals up with 1% increase each -> 10% net increase from all reversals -> 10% total increase / 10 total reversals up = 1% average magnitude. Magnitude metric supports win rate by indicating the depth of successful session reversal moves.
To better understand the backtesting calculations and more importantly to verify their validity, backtesting visuals for each session can be plotted on the chart:
All backtesting results are shown in the backtesting panel on top right corner, with highest win rates and magnitude metrics for both reversals up and down marked separately. Note that past performance is not a guarantee of future performance and session reversals as they are should not be viewed as a complete strategy for long/short plays. Always make sure reversal count is sufficient to draw reliable conclusions of performance.
— Session moving average
Users can form a session based moving average with their preferred smoothing method (SMA , EMA , HMA , WMA , RMA) and length, as well as choose which sessions to include in the moving average. For example, a moving average based on New York and Tokyo sessions can be formed, leaving London and Sydney completely out of the calculation.
— Visuals
By default, script hides your candles/bars, although in the case of candles borders will still be visible. Switching to bars/line will make your regular chart visuals 100% hidden. This setting can be turned off via input menu. As some sessions overlap, each session candle can be separately offsetted forward, clearing the overlaps. Users can also choose which session candles to show/hide.
Session periods can be highlighted on the chart as a background color, applicable to only session candles that are activated. By default, session reversals are referred to as L (London), N (New York), S (Sydney) and T (Tokyo) in both reversal labels and backtesting table. By toggling on "Numerize sessions", these will be replaced with 1, 2, 3 and 4. This will be helpful when using a custom session that isn't any of the above.
Visual settings example:
Session candles are plotted in two formats, using boxes and lines as well as plotcandle() function. Session candles constructed using boxes and lines will be clear and much easier on the eyes, but will apply only to first 500 bars due to Tradingview related limitations. Rest of the session candles go back indefinitely, but won't be as clean:
All colors can be customized via input menu.
— Timeframe & session time period considerations
As a rule of thumb, session candles should be used on timeframes at or below 1H, as higher timeframes might not match with session period start/end, leading to incorrect plots. Using 1 hour timeframe will bring optimal results as greatest amount historical data is available without sacrificing accuracy of OHLC values. If you are using a custom session that is not based on hourly period (e.g. 08:00 - 15:00 vs. 08.00 - 15.15) make sure you are using a timeframe that allows correct plots.
Session time periods applied by default are rough estimates and might be out of bounds on some charts, like NYSE listed equities. This is rarely a problem on assets that have extensive trading hours, like futures or cryptocurrency. If a session is out of bounds (asset isn't traded during the set session time period) the script won't plot given session candle and its backtesting metrics will be NA. This can be fixed by changing the session time periods to match with given asset trading hours, although you will have to consider whether or not this defeats the purpose of having candles based on sessions.
— Practical guide
Whether based on traditional timeframes or sessions, reversals should always be considered as only one piece of evidence of price turning. Never react to them without considering other factors that might support the thesis, such as levels and multi-timeframe analysis. In short, same basic charting principles apply with session candles that apply with normal candles. Use discretion.
Example #1 : Focusing efforts on session reversals at distinct support/resistance levels
A reversal against a level holds more value than a reversal by itself, as you know it's a placement where liquidity can be expected. A reversal serves as a confirming reaction for this expectation.
Example #2 : Focusing efforts on highest performing reversals and avoiding poorly performing ones
As you have data backed evidence of session reversal performance, it makes sense to focus your efforts on the ones that perform best. If some session reversal is clearly performing poorly, you would want to avoid it, since there's nothing backing up its validity.
Example #3 : Reversal clusters
Two is better than one, three is better than two and so on. If there are rapid changes in direction within multiple sessions consecutively, there's heavier evidence of a dynamic shift in price. In such case, it makes sense to hold more confidence in price halting/turning.
Scalping The Bull IndicatorName: Scalping The Bull Indicator
Category: Scalping, Trend Following, Mean Reversion.
Timeframe: 1M, 5M, 30M, 1D depending on the specific technique.
Technical Analysis: The indicator supports the operations of the trader named "Scalping The Bull" which uses price action and exponential moving averages.
Suggested usage: Altcoin showing strong trends for scalping and intra-day trades. Trigger points are used as entry and exit points and to be used to understand when a signal has more power.
It is possible to identify the following conformations:
Shimano: look at the price records of a consecutive series of closings between the EMA 60 and the EMA 223 when a certain threshold is reached. Use the trigger points as price structures to identify entry and exit zones (e.g. breakout of the yesterday high as for entry point) .
Bomb: look at the price registers a percentage variation in a single candle, greater than a threshold such as 2%, in particular on shorter timeframes and around the trigger points.
Viagra: look at there is a consecutive series of closes below the EMA 10.
Downward fake: look when, after a cross under (Death Cross), the price returns above the EMA 223 using the yesterday high as a trigger point.
Emergence: look at the EMA 60 is about to cross over the EMA 223.
Anti-crossing: look at, after an important price rise and a subsequent retracement, the EMA 60 is about to cross under the EMA 223 but a bullish impulse brings the price back above the EMAs.
For Sales: look at two types of situations: 1) when the price falls by more than 10% from the opening price and around the yesterday’s low or 2) when the price falls and then reaches, in the last 5 days, a bigger percentage and then breaks a trigger point.
Colour change: look at the opening price of the session - indicated as a trigger point.
Third touch of EMA 60: look for 3 touches below the EMA 60, and enter when there is a close above the EMA 60.
Third touch of EMA 223: look for 3 touches when there are 3 touches below the EMA 223, and enter when there is a close above the EMA 60.
Bud: look at price when it crosses upwards the average 10 and subsequently at least 2 "rest" candles are between the maximum and minimum of the breaking candle.
Fake on EMA 10: look for the open of a candle higher than the EMA 10, the minimum of the candle lower and the closing price returns above the EMA 10..
For Stop Loss and Profit Targets consider a proper R/R depending on Risk Management, using price structures such as the low of the entering candle and a quick Position Management moving quickly the Stop-Loss at Break-Even.
Configuration:
Market
EMA: The indicator automatically configure itself on market it knows (Binance, Piazza Affari and NASDAQ) otherwise it can be configured manually fo Crypto market (5/10/60/223) or Stock Market (5/10/50/200).
Additional Average: You can display an additional average, e.g. 20-period average.
Chart elements:
Session Separators: indicates the beginning of the current session (in blue)
Background: signals with the background in green an uptrend situation ( 60 > 223) and in red background a downtrend situation (60 < 223).
Trigger points:
Today's highs and lows: draw on the chart the opening price of the daily candle and the highs and lows of the day (high in purple, low in red and open in green)
Yesterday's highs and lows: draw on the chart the opening price of the daily candle, the highs and lows of the previous day (high in yellow, low in red).
Credits
Massimo : for refactoring and suggestions.
Modified ATR Indicator [KL]Modified Average True Range (ATR) Indicator
This indicator displays the ATR with relative highs and relative lows statistically determined.
What is ATR:
To know what ATR is, we need to understand what a True Range (TR) is.
- TR at a given bar is the highest distance between points: a) High vs low, b) High vs Close, and c) Low vs Close.
- ATR is the moving average of TRs over a predefined lookback period; 14 is the most commonly used.
- ATR can be mathematically expressed as:
Why is ATR Important
ATR often used to measure volatility; high volatility is indicated by high ATR, vice versa for low. This is a versatile tool allowing traders to determine entry/exit points, as well as the size of stop losses and when to take profits relative to it.
This is an opinion: Through observations, I have noticed that ATR can also indirectly tell us the levels of relative volume. This intuitively makes sense because in order to increase length of TR, high amounts of capital inflow/outflow is required (graphically speaking, high volume is required in order to make lengths of candle sticks longer). The relationship between ATR and relative volume should hold unless the market is illiquid to the extreme that there is no relationship between volume and price.
That said, knowing the relative lows/highs of ATR is very useful. It can be interpreted as:
- Relative high = high volatility, usually during sell offs
- Relative low = decreasing volume, could indicate price consolidation
Instead of arbitrarily determining whether ATR is high/low, this indicator will determine relative highs and relative lows using a simple statistical model.
How relative high/low is determined by this model
This indicator applies two-tailed hypothesis testing to test whether ATR (ie. say lookback of 14) has greatly deviated from a larger sample size (ie. lookback of 50). Assuming ATR is normally distributed and variance is known, then test statistic (z) can be used to determine whether ATR14 is within the critical area under Null Hypothesis: ATR14 == ATR50. If z falls below/above the left/right critical values (ie. 1.645 for a 90% confidence interval), then this is shown by the indicator through using different colors to plot the ATR line.
Double Top/BottomHere is an attempt to identify double top/bottom based on pivot high/lows.
Logic is simple.
Double Bottom:
Last two pivot High Lows make W shape
Last Pivot Low is higher than previous Last Pivot Low.
Last Pivot High is lower than previous last Pivot High.
Price has not gone below Last Pivot Low
Price breaks out of last Pivot High to complete W shape
Double Top:
Last two pivot High Lows make M shape
Last Pivot Low is higher than previous Last Pivot Low.
Last Pivot High is lower than previous last Pivot High.
Price has not gone above Last Pivot High
Price breaks out of last Pivot Low to complete M shape
Prameters:
Parameters PvtLenL , PvtLenR and waitforclose determines pivot points.
FilterPivots clears repetitive pivots formed in same direction before calculating the possible double top/bottom.
For example:
CheckForAbsolutePeaks and AbsolutePeakLoopback works together. When CheckForAbsolutePeaks is enabled, script only generates double bottom or top signal if previous last pivot is absolute high or low for AbsolutePeakLoopback periods.
ConsiderMovingAverage does two things. First, it makes sure that fast moving average and slow moving averages are aligned with the direction we are going to forecast. Second, it makes sure that the crossover happend recently and with last BarCrossoverLimit bars. For example, to call it double bottom, Fast MA should be higher than Slow MA and crossover of FastMA above SlowMA should have happened in last 10 bars (BarCrossoverLimit)
PivotDisplayMode can be Actual, Filtered or None. Actual will display all pivot high low generated. Filtered will only display last 5 pivot high and pivot lows which are filtered . That means, it will remove the repetitive pivots formed without making pivots on the other side.
Welcome and suggestions and feedbacks.
Relative Volume at Time█ OVERVIEW
This indicator calculates relative volume, which is the ratio of present volume over an average of past volume.
It offers two calculation modes, both using a time reference as an anchor.
█ CONCEPTS
Calculation modes
The simplest way to calculate relative volume is by using the ratio of a bar's volume over a simple moving average of the last n volume values.
This indicator uses one of two, more subtle ways to calculate both values of the relative volume ratio: current volume:past volume .
The two calculations modes are:
1 — Cumulate from Beginning of TF to Current Bar where:
current volume = the cumulative volume since the beginning of the timeframe unit, and
past volume = the mean of volume during that same relative period of time in the past n timeframe units.
2 — Point-to-Point Bars at Same Offset from Beginning of TF where:
current volume = the volume on a single chart bar, and
past volume = the mean of volume values from that same relative bar in time from the past n timeframe units.
Timeframe units
Timeframe units can be defined in three different ways:
1 — Using Auto-steps, where the timeframe unit automatically adjusts to the timeframe used on the chart:
— A 1 min timeframe unit will be used on 1sec charts,
— 1H will be used for charts at 1min and less,
— 1D will be used for other intraday chart timeframes,
— 1W will be used for 1D charts,
— 1M will be used for charts at less than 1M,
— 1Y will be used for charts at greater or equal than 1M.
2 — As a fixed timeframe that you define.
3 — By time of day (for intraday chart timeframes only), which you also define. If you use non-intraday chart timeframes in this mode, the indicator will switch to Auto-steps.
Relative Relativity
A relative volume value of 1.0 indicates that current volume is equal to the mean of past volume , but how can we determine what constitutes a high relative volume value?
The traditional way is to settle for an arbitrary threshold, with 2.0 often used to indicate that relative volume is worthy of attention.
We wanted to provide traders with a contextual method of calculating threshold values, so in addition to the conventional fixed threshold value,
this indicator includes two methods of calculating a threshold channel on past relative volume values:
1 — Using the standard deviation of relative volume over a fixed lookback.
2 — Using the highs/lows of relative volume over a variable lookback.
Channels calculated on relative volume provide meta-relativity, if you will, as they are relative values of relative volume.
█ FEATURES
Controls in the "Display" section of inputs determine what is visible in the indicator's pane. The next "Settings" section is where you configure the parameters used in the calculations. The "Column Coloring Conditions" section controls the color of the columns, which you will see in three of the five display modes available. Whether columns are plotted or not, the coloring conditions also determine when markers appear, if you have chosen to show the markers in the "Display" section. The presence of markers is what triggers the alerts configured on this indicator. Finally, the "Colors" section of inputs allows you to control the color of the indicator's visual components.
Display
Five display modes are available:
• Current Volume Columns : shows columns of current volume , with past volume displayed as an outlined column.
• Relative Volume Columns : shows relative volume as a column.
• Relative Volume Columns With Average : shows relative volume as a column, with the average of relative volume.
• Directional Relative Volume Average : shows a line calculated using the average of +/- values of relative volume.
The positive value of relative volume is used on up bars; its negative value on down bars.
• Relative Volume Average : shows the average of relative volume.
A Hull moving average is used to calculate the average used in the three last display modes.
You can also control the display of:
• The value or relative volume, when in the first three display modes. Only the last 500 values will be shown.
• Timeframe transitions, shown in the background.
• A reminder of the active timeframe unit, which appears to the right of the indicator's last bar.
• The threshold used, which can be a fixed value or a channel, as determined in the next "Settings" section of inputs.
• Up/Down markers, which appear on transitions of the color of the volume columns (determined by coloring conditions), which in turn control when alerts are triggered.
• Conditions of high volatility.
Settings
Use this section of inputs to change:
• Calculation mode : this is where you select one of this indicator's two calculation modes for current volume and past volume , as explained in the "Concepts" section.
• Past Volume Lookback in TF units : the quantity of timeframe units used in the calculation of past volume .
• Define Timeframes Units Using : the mode used to determine what one timeframe unit is. Note that when using a fixed timeframe, it must be higher than the chart's timeframe.
Also, note that time of day timeframe units only work on intraday chart timeframes.
• Threshold Mode : Five different modes can be selected:
— Fixed Value : You can define the value using the "Fixed Threshold" field below. The default value is 2.0.
— Standard Deviation Channel From Fixed Lookback : This is a channel calculated using the simple moving average of relative volume
(so not the Hull moving average used elsewhere in the indicator), plus/minus the standard deviation multiplied by a user-defined factor.
The lookback used is the value of the "Channel Lookback" field. Its default is 100.
— High/Low Channel From Beginning of TF : in this mode, the High/Low values reset at the beginning of each timeframe unit.
— High/Low Channel From Beginning of Past Volume Lookback : in this mode, the High/Low values start from the farthest point back where we are calculating past volume ,
which is determined by the combination of timeframe units and the "Past Volume Lookback in TF units" value.
— High/Low Channel From Fixed Lookback : In this mode the lookback is fixed. You can define the value using the "Channel Lookback" field. The default value is 100.
• Period of RelVol Moving Average : the period of the Hull moving average used in the "Directional Relative Volume Average" and the "Relative Volume Average".
• High Volatility is defined using fast and slow ATR periods, so this represents the volatility of price.
Volatility is considered to be high when the fast ATR value is greater than its slow value. Volatility can be used as a filter in the column coloring conditions.
Column Coloring Conditions
• Eight different conditions can be turned on or off to determine the color of the volume columns. All "ON" conditions must be met to determine a high/low state of relative volume,
or, in the case of directional relative volume, a bull/bear state.
• A volatility state can also be used to filter the conditions.
• When the coloring conditions and the filter do not allow for a high/low state to be determined, the neutral color is used.
• Transitions of the color of the volume columns determined by coloring conditions are used to plot the up/down markers, which in turn control when alerts are triggered.
Colors
• You can define your own colors for all of the oscillator's plots.
• The default colors will perform well on light or dark chart backgrounds.
Alerts
• An alert can be defined for the script. The alert will trigger whenever an up/down marker appears in the indicator's display.
The particular combination of coloring conditions and the display settings for up/down markers when you create the alert will determine which conditions trigger the alert.
After alerts are created, subsequent changes to the conditions controlling the display of markers will not affect existing alerts.
• By configuring the script's inputs in different ways before you create your alerts, you can create multiple, functionally distinct alerts from this script.
When creating multiple alerts, it is useful to include in the alert's message a reminder of the particular conditions you used for each alert.
• As is usually the case, alerts triggering "Once Per Bar Close" will prevent repainting.
Error messages
Error messages will appear at the end of the chart upon the following conditions:
• When the combination of the timeframe units used and the "Past Volume Lookback in TF units" value create a lookback that is greater than 5000 bars.
The lookback will then be recalculated to a value such that a runtime error does not occur.
• If the chart's timeframe is higher than the timeframe units. This error cannot occur when using Auto-steps to calculate timeframe units.
• If relative volume cannot be calculated, for example, when no volume data is available for the chart's symbol.
• When the threshold of relative volume is configured to be visible but the indicator's scale does not allow it to be visible (in "Current Volume Columns" display mode).
█ NOTES
For traders
The chart shown here uses the following display modes: "Current Volume Columns", "Relative Volume Columns With Average", "Directional Relative Volume Average" and "Relative Volume Average". The last one also shows the threshold channel in standard deviation mode, and the TF Unit reminder to the right, in red.
Volume, like price, is a value with a market-dependent scale. The only valid reference for volume being its past values, any improvement in the way past volume is calculated thus represents a potential opportunity to traders. Relative volume calculated as it is here can help traders extract useful information from markets in many circumstances, markets with cyclical volume such as Forex being one, obvious case. The relative nature of the values calculated by this indicator also make it a natural fit for cross-market and cross-sector analysis, or to identify behavioral changes in the different futures contracts of the same market. Relative volume can also be put to more exotic uses, such as in evaluating changes in the popularity of exchanges.
Relative volume alone has no directional bias. While higher relative volume values always indicate higher trading activity, that activity does not necessarily translate into significant price movement. In a tightly fought battle between buyers and sellers, you could theoretically have very large volume for many bars, with no change whatsoever in bid/ask prices. This of course, is unlikely to happen in reality, and so traders are justified in considering high relative volume values as indicating periods where more attention is required, because imbalances in the strength of buying/selling power during high-volume trading periods can amplify price variations, providing traders with the generally useful gift of volatility.
Be sure to give the "Directional Relative Volume Average" a try. Contrary to the always-positive ratio widely used in this indicator, the "Directional Relative Volume Average" produces a value able to determine a bullish/bearish bias for relative volume.
Note that realtime bars must be complete for the relative volume value to be confirmed. Values calculated on historical or elapsed realtime bars will not recalculate unless historical volume data changes.
Finally, as with all indicators using volume information, keep in mind that some exchanges/brokers supply different feeds for intraday and daily data, and the volume data on both feeds can sometimes vary quite a bit.
For coders
Our script was written using the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine .
The description was formatted using the techniques explained in the How We Write and Format Script Descriptions PineCoders publication.
Bits and pieces of code were lifted from the MTF Selection Framework and the MTF Oscillator Framework , also by PineCoders.
█ THANKS
Thanks to dgtrd for suggesting to add the channel using standard deviation.
Thanks to adolgov for helpful suggestions on calculations and visuals.
Look first. Then leap.
Extrapolated Pivot Connector - Lets Make Support And ResistancesIntroduction
The support and resistance methodology remain the most used one in technical analysis, this is mainly due to its simplicity, and unlike lots of techniques used in technical analysis support and resistances have a certain logic, price can sometimes appear moving into a channel, support and resistances allow the trader to estimate such channel and project it into the future in order to spot points where price might reverse direction.
In this script a simple linear support and resistance indicator is proposed, the indicator is made by connecting past pivot high's/low's to more recent ones and extrapolating the resulting connection. The indicator is also able to make support and resistances by using other indicators as input.
Indicator Settings
The indicator include various settings, the first one being the length setting who determine the sensitivity of the pivot high/low detection, low values of length will detect the pivot high/low of noisy variations, while higher values will detect the pivot high/low of longer term variations.
The figure above use length = 5.
The A-High parameter determine the position of the pivot high to be used as first point of the resistance line, higher values will use oldest pivot high's as first point. The B-High parameter determine the last pivot high. A-Low and B-Low work the same way but affect the support line, a label is drawn on the chart in order to help you determine the position of A/B-High/Low.
Using Other Indicators Output As Input
The "Use Custom Source" option allow you to apply the indicator to other indicators, for example we can use a moving average of period 50 as input
Or the rsi :
Let me help you set the proposed indicator easily to indicators appearing on a separate window, for example the momentum oscillator, add the momentum oscillator to the chart, to do so click on indicator and search "momentum", click on the first result, once on the chart put your mouse pointer on the indicator title, you'll see appearing the hide, settings and delete option, at the right of delete you should see three dots which represent the "more" option, click on it and select "Add indicator on Mom" and select the extrapolated pivot indicator, you can do that by searching it, altho it might be easier to do it by adding the indicator to favorites first, you then only need to select it from your favorites.
You might see a mess on the indicator window, thats because the extrapolated pivot is still using high and low as input, go to the settings of the extrapolated pivot indicator and check "Use Custom Source", it should appear properly now.
Tips And Tricks When Using Support And Resistances
Linear support and resistances assume an approximately linear trend, if you see non linear growth in the price evolution you can use a logarithmic scale in order to have a more linear evolution. To do so right click on the the chart scale and select "Logarithmic" or use the following key shortcut "alt + l".
When applying the indicator to an oscillator centered around zero make sure to adjust the settings of the oscillator such that the peak magnitude of the oscillator is relatively constant over time.
Here a roc of period 9 has non constant peak amplitude, you can see that by looking at the position of the pivots (circles), increasing the period of the roc help capture more significant pivots high's/low's
Conclusion
In this post an indicator aiming to draw support and resistances is presented, the fact that it can be applied to any other indicator is a relatively nice option, and i hope you might make use of this feature.
The code make heavy use of the new features that where integrated on the v4 of pine, such features are really focused on making figures and labels, things i don't really work with, but it is nice to step out my short codes habits, and i don't exclude working with figures in pine in the future.
Thanks for reading !
Volume Profile VisionVolume Profile Vision - Complete Description
Overview
Volume Profile Vision (VPV) is an advanced volume profile indicator that visualizes where trading activity has occurred at different price levels over a specified time period. Unlike traditional volume indicators that show volume over time, this indicator displays volume distribution across price levels, helping traders identify key support/resistance zones, fair value areas, and potential reversal points.
What Makes This Indicator Original
Volume Profile Vision introduces several unique features not found in standard volume profile tools:
Dual-Direction Histogram Display:
Unlike conventional volume profiles that only show bars extending in one direction, VPV displays volume bars extending both left (into historical candles) and right (as a traditional histogram). This bi-directional approach allows traders to see exactly where historical price action intersected with high-volume nodes.
Real-Time Candle Highlighting: The indicator dynamically highlights volume bars that intersect with the current candle's price range, making it immediately obvious which volume levels are currently in play.
Four Professional Color Schemes: Each color scheme uses distinct gradient algorithms and visual encoding systems:
Traffic Light: Uses red (POC), green (VA boundaries), yellow (HVN), with grayscale gradients outside the value area
Aurora Glass: Modern cyan-to-magenta gradient with hot magenta POC highlighting
Obsidian Precision: Professional dark theme with white POC and electric cyan accents
Black Ice: Monochromatic cyan family with graduated intensity
Adaptive Transparency System: Automatically adjusts bar transparency based on position relative to value area, with special handling for each color scheme to maintain visual clarity.
Core Concepts & Calculations
Volume Distribution Analysis
The indicator divides the visible price range into user-defined price levels (default: 80 levels) and calculates the total volume traded at each level by:
Scanning back through the specified lookback period (customizable or visible range)
For each historical bar, determining which price levels the bar's high/low range intersects
Accumulating volume for each intersected price level
Optionally filtering by bullish/bearish volume only
Point of Control (POC)
The POC is the price level with the highest traded volume during the analyzed period. This represents the "fairest" price where most traders agreed on value. The indicator marks this with distinct coloring (red in Traffic Light, magenta in Aurora Glass, white in Obsidian Precision, cyan in Black Ice).
Trading Significance: POC acts as a strong magnet for price - markets tend to return to fair value. When price is away from POC, traders watch for:
Mean reversion opportunities when price is far from POC
Rejection signals when price tests POC from above/below
Breakout confirmation when price breaks through and holds beyond POC
Value Area (VA)
The Value Area encompasses the price range where a specified percentage (default: 68%) of all volume traded. This represents the range of "accepted value" by market participants.
Calculation Method:
Start at the POC (highest volume level)
Expand upward and downward, adding adjacent price levels
Always add the level with higher volume next
Continue until accumulated volume reaches the VA percentage threshold
Value Area High (VAH): Upper boundary of accepted value - acts as resistance
Value Area Low (VAL): Lower boundary of accepted value - acts as support
Trading Significance:
Price spending time inside VA indicates market equilibrium
Breakouts above VAH suggest bullish momentum shift
Breakdowns below VAL suggest bearish momentum shift
Returns to VA boundaries often provide high-probability entry zones
High Volume Nodes (HVN)
Price levels with volume exceeding a threshold percentage (default: 80%) of POC volume. These represent areas of strong agreement and consolidation.
Trading Significance:
HVNs act as strong support/resistance zones
Price tends to consolidate at HVNs before making directional moves
Breaking through an HVN often signals strong momentum
Low Volume Nodes (LVN)
Price levels within the Value Area with volume ≤30% of POC volume. These are zones price moved through quickly with minimal consolidation.
Trading Significance:
LVNs represent areas of rejection - price finds little acceptance
Price tends to move rapidly through LVN zones
Useful for setting stop-losses (below LVN for longs, above for shorts)
Can identify potential gaps or "air pockets" in the market structure
Grayscale POC Detection
A secondary POC detection system identifies the highest volume level outside the Value Area (with a 2-level buffer to avoid confusion). This helps identify significant volume accumulation zones that exist beyond the main value area.
How to Use This Indicator
Setup
Choose Lookback Period:
Enable "Use Visible Range" to analyze only what's on your chart
Or set "Fixed Range Lookback Depth" (default: 200 bars) for consistent analysis
Adjust Profile Resolution:
"Number of Price Levels" (default: 80) - higher = more granular analysis, lower = broader zones
Select Color Scheme:
Traffic Light: Best for clear POC/VA/HVN identification
Aurora Glass: Modern aesthetic for dark charts
Obsidian Precision: Professional trader preference
Black Ice: Minimalist single-color family
Visual Customization
Left Extension: How far back the left-side histogram extends into historical candles (default: 490 bars)
Right Extension: Width of the traditional histogram bars on the right (default: 50 bars)
Right Margin: Space between current price bar and histogram (default: 0 for flush alignment)
Left Profile Gap: Space between left-side histogram and candles (default: 0)
Trading Strategies
Strategy 1: Value Area Mean Reversion
Wait for price to move outside the Value Area (above VAH or below VAL)
Look for rejection signals (wicks, bearish/bullish candles)
Enter trades toward the POC
Take profits as price returns to POC or opposite VA boundary
Strategy 2: Breakout Confirmation
Identify when price is consolidating within the Value Area
Wait for a strong close above VAH (bullish) or below VAL (bearish)
Enter on the breakout or on first pullback to the VA boundary
Target previous HVNs or swing highs/lows outside the VA
Strategy 3: POC Support/Resistance
Watch for price approaching the POC level
If approaching from below, look for bullish reversal patterns at POC (support)
If approaching from above, look for bearish reversal patterns at POC (resistance)
Trade in the direction of the bounce with stops beyond the POC
Strategy 4: LVN Fast Movement Zones
Identify LVN zones within the Value Area (marked with "LVN" label)
When price enters an LVN, expect rapid movement through the zone
Avoid entering trades within LVNs
Use LVNs as confirmation of directional momentum
Alert System
The indicator includes 7 customizable alert conditions:
POC Touch: Alerts when price comes within 0.5 ATR of POC
VAH/VAL Touch: Alerts at Value Area boundaries
VA Breakout: Alerts on breakouts above VAH or below VAL
HVN Touch: Alerts when price contacts High Volume Nodes
LVN Entry: Alerts when entering Low Volume zones
POC Shift: Alerts when POC moves to a new price level
Reading the Profile
Price Labels (shown on the right side):
POC: Point of Control - highest volume price level
VAH: Value Area High - upper boundary of accepted value
VAL: Value Area Low - lower boundary of accepted value
LVN: Low Volume Node - expect fast movement through this zone
Color Intensity Interpretation:
Brighter colors = higher volume concentration
Dimmer colors = lower volume
Abrupt color changes = transition between volume zones
Gaps in the histogram = price levels with no trading activity
Technical Details
Volume Accumulation Logic:
For each bar in lookback period:
For each price level:
If bar's high/low range intersects price level:
Add bar's volume to that price level's total
Gradient Algorithm:
Traffic Light: Dual-range piecewise gradient (0-50% and 50-100% volume intensity)
Aurora Glass: Linear cyan-to-magenta interpolation
Obsidian Precision: Dark blue gradient with cyan highlights
Black Ice: Three-stage cyan intensity progression
Real-Time Updates:
The profile recalculates on every bar, including real-time tick data, ensuring the volume distribution always reflects current market structure.
Best Practices
Timeframe Selection: Use higher timeframes (4H, Daily) for swing trading, lower timeframes (5min, 15min) for day trading
Combine with Price Action: Volume profile shows WHERE, price action shows WHEN
Multiple Timeframe Analysis: Check daily VP for major levels, then drill down to intraday for entries
Volume Type Selection: Use "Bullish" volume in uptrends, "Bearish" in downtrends, or "Both" for complete picture
Adjust VA Percentage: 68% (default) captures one standard deviation; try 70% for tighter or 60% for broader value areas
Performance Notes
Maximum bars back: 5000 (handles deep historical analysis)
Maximum boxes: 500 (handles complex profiles)
Optimized calculation: Only recalculates on last bar for efficiency
Real-time capable: Updates as new ticks arrive
HTF Frequency Zone [BigBeluga]🔵 OVERVIEW
HTF Frequency Zone highlights the dominant price level (Point of Control) and the full high–low expansion of any higher timeframe — Daily, Weekly, or Monthly. It captures the frequency of closes inside each HTF candle and plots the most traded “frequency zone”, allowing traders to easily see where price spent the most time and where buy/sell pressure accumulated.
This tool transforms each higher-timeframe bar into a fully visualized structure:
• Top = HTF high
• Bottom = HTF low
• Midline = HTF Frequency POC
• Color-coded zones = bullish or bearish bias
• Labels = counts of bullish and bearish candles inside the HTF range
It is designed to give traders an immediate understanding of high-timeframe balance, imbalance, and price attraction zones.
🔵 CONCEPTS
HTF Partitioning — Each Weekly/Daily/Monthly candle is converted into a dedicated zone with its own High, Low, and Frequency Point of Control.
Frequency POC (Most Touched Price) — The indicator divides the HTF range into 100 bins and counts how many times price closed near each level.
Dominant Zone — The level with the highest frequency becomes the HTF “Value Zone,” plotted as a bold central line.
Directional Bias —
• Bullish HTF zone
• Bearish HTF zone
Internal Candle Counting — Within each HTF period the indicator counts:
• Buy candles (close > open)
• Sell candles (close < open)
This reveals whether intraperiod flow was bullish or bearish.
HTF Structure Blocks — High, Low, and POC are connected across the entire higher-timeframe duration, showing the real shape of HTF balance.
🔵 FEATURES
Automatic HTF Zone Construction — Generates a complete price zone every time the selected timeframe flips (Daily / Weekly / Monthly).
Dynamic High & Low Extraction — The indicator scans every bar inside the HTF window to find true extremes of the range.
100-Level Frequency Scan — Each close within the period is assigned to a bin, creating a detailed distribution of price interaction.
HTF POC Highlighting — The most frequent price level is plotted with a bold red line for immediate visual clarity.
Bull/Bear Coloring —
• Green → Bullish HTF zone.
• Orange → Bearish HTF zone.
Zone Shading — High–Low range is filled with a semi-transparent color matching trend direction.
Buy/Sell Candle Counters — Printed at the top and bottom of each HTF block, showing how many internal candles were bullish or bearish.
POC Label — Displays frequency count (how many touches) at the POC level.
Adaptive Threshold Warning — If bars inside the HTF window are too few (<10), the indicator warns the trader to switch timeframe.
🔵 HOW TO USE
Higher-Timeframe Biasing — Read the zone color to determine if the HTF candle leaned bullish or bearish.
Value Zone Reactions — Price often reacts to the Frequency POC; use it as support/resistance or liquidity magnet.
Range Context — Identify when price is trading near HTF highs (breakout potential) or lows (reversal potential).
Momentum Evaluation — More bullish internal candles = internal buying pressure; more bearish = internal selling pressure.
Swing Trading — Use HTF zones as the “macro map,” then execute trades on lower timeframes aligned with the zone structure.
Liquidity Awareness — The HTF POC often aligns with algorithmic liquidity levels, making it a strong reaction point.
🔵 CONCLUSION
HTF Frequency Zone transforms raw higher-timeframe candles into detailed distribution zones that reveal true market behavior inside the HTF structure. By showing highs, lows, buying/selling activity, and the most interacted price level (Frequency POC), this tool becomes invaluable for traders who want to align executions with powerful HTF levels, liquidity magnets, and structural zones.
